Earth Sun Relations GPH 111
What we will cover: Where earth is in relation to the universe Earth’s rotation and revolution Terms important to earth’s orbit How earth’s tilt defines much about our climate
Let’s start with the Sun… >91 million miles from Earth 11,000° F surface temperature 98% of total solar system Can hold ~1.3 million Earths
The rest of the solar system…
The rest of the solar system…
Where is the Solar System? Our sun is one of 100 billion stars in our Galaxy
Where is our Milky Way Galaxy? Our galaxy resides with roughly 22 other galaxies of comparable size in what is known as the Local Group. This is Andromeda the largest galaxy in the “Local Group”. http://www.seds.org/messier/Jpg/m31.jpg
How about the Local Group? The Local Group of galaxies are beginning to merge with the Virgo Cluster that has over 1,000 galaxies, each with roughly 100 billion stars. http://www.seds.org/messier/Pics/Jpg/virgo.jpg
Alright, so how about the Virgo Cluster? Virgo cluster is part of a super cluster of galaxies with over 100,000 galaxies, the largest structure in the universe. (Image courtesy of NASA)
OK, enough of that, let’s get closer to home…
Earth’s motion… Copy Board Globe Earth-Sun Model Students and Globes Movie Diagram
Earth revolves around the sun…
Where and when could this photo have been taken? The midnight sun… Where and when could this photo have been taken?
66.5° N Artic Circle 23.5° N Tropic of Cancer 0° Equator 23.5° S Tropic of Capricorn 66.5° S Antarctic Circle Show Movie! Label important latitudes by name and degree on one of the Earths Label the solstices and equinoxes (include dates) Label which latitude the sun is directly overhead on these dates Label where on the planet (for each season) that is experiencing 24 hours of daylight / darkness and 12 hours of daylight and darkness
Earth Sun Relations Spring Equinox 3/21 Summer Solstice 6/21 66.5° N Artic Circle 23.5° N Tropic of Cancer Spring Equinox 3/21 Equal Daylight and Darkness 0° Equator 23.5° S Tropic of Capricorn 66.5° S Antarctic Circle 0° Equator 23.5° N Tropic of Cancer 23.5° S Tropic of Capricorn Summer Solstice 6/21 24 hour darkness 66.5° S 24 hour daylight 66.5° N Winter Solstice 12/21 24 hour darkness 66.5° N 24 hour daylight 66.5° S 0° Equator Fall Equinox 9/21 Equal Daylight and Darkness
Solar energy distribution on Earth…
Things to know… Facts about the sun Names and number of planets in the solar system Number of stars in the Milky Way Galaxy Number of galaxies in the local group DIAGRAM AND LABEL EARTH SUN RELATIONS Where on our planet receives the most energy? Where receives the least? (at the top of the atmosphere) Help: Chapter ES Sketch the diagram – Label important latitudes by name and degree Label the solstices and equinoxes (include dates) Label which latitude the sun is directly overhead on these dates Label where on the planet (for each season) that is experiencing 24 hours of daylight / darkness and 12 hours of daylight and darkness