Chapter 2: The globe

Unit 1: Hemispheres. South Africa lies SOUTH of the Equator and EAST of the Greenwich Meridian. South Africa lies in the Southern and Eastern hemisphere.

Unit 2: The Earth’s rotation on its own axis. axis causes day and night. Earth rotates from west to east. Source: CAPS Platinum Social Sciences Learner’s Book Gr. 8 p. 15

How day and night happens... Video How day and night happens...

Unit 3: World time, time zones and the International Date line. Places to the east have later times and places to the west have earlier times. In theory, the world’s time zones should change by one hour for every 15°. Some of the time zones are adjusted for countries & borders. Source: CAPS Platinum Social Sciences Learner’s Book Gr. 8 p. 18

The International Date Line The 180° line of longitude opposite the Greenwich Meridian where times change by one day between the eastern and western hemispheres. Source: CAPS Platinum Social Sciences Learner’s Book Gr. 8 p. 17 Complete Act 3 & 4, p16-17

Unit 4: South African Standard Time Standard time in southern Africa is set as though the whole of Southern Africa were at longitude 30 degrees east. CAPS Platinum Social Sciences Learner’s Book Gr. 8 p. 18

Unit 5: Earth’s revolution around the sun Video

Equinox , solstice and the change in angle of the midday sun. Equinox – when the length of day and night is the same number of hours. Solstice – when one hemisphere has the longest number of hours of daylight and the opposite hemisphere has the shortest number of hours of daylight Source: CAPS Platinum Social Sciences Learner’s Book Gr. 8 p. 19

Equinox & Solstice (video)

Chapter 3: Satellite images Unit 1: What satellite images look like... Satellites collect information about Earth which is used to compile a satellite image. Source: CAPS Platinum Social Sciences Learner’s Book Gr. 8 p. 23