Access to green areas Marianne Eriksson

Environmental objectives: A Good Built Environment Interim target 1, 2010 By 2010 land use and community planning will be based on programmes and strategies for : ’preserving, maintaining and enhancing green spaces and water bodies in urban and suburban areas for nature conservation, cultural and recreational purposes, and ensuring that the proportion of hard-surface areas in these environments does not increase

Definition of locality/urban area A locality consists of a group of buildings normally not more than 200 meters apart from each other and has to fulfil a minimum criterion of having at least 200 inhabitants

Localities/Urban areas 1940 Localities 84 % of the population 1,3 % of landarea 776 localities with less than 500 inhabitants 113 localities with more than inhabitants 5 localities with more than inhabitantas

Statistics on landuse in localities based on areal photos

Unbuilt areas in localities 1970 to 2000 in percent Year Stockholm, Göteborg, Malmö All localities ,737, ,937, ,238, ,839, ,044,0

Pilot study : Green areas in localities Project group: Metria/Environment and SCB A reference group consisting of the National Board of Housing and Planning, the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, the Swedish Forest Agency, the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions The project was mainly financed by the Swedish Space Board

Objective Delimitation of green areas in localities and the surroundings Trace changes in extension of green areas

Pilot areas Västerås, satellite images from 30 July 1999 and 10 July 2005 Stockholm, satellitdata from 4 Sept and 29 June 2006 Gislaved, satellitdata from10 July 1999 and 6 September 2005   

Stockholm 29 June 2006 SPOT-5 Upplösning 10 m RGB = (NIR, SWIR, Rött) Tätortsgräns från 2005 i vitt

Västerås 10 July 2005 SPOT-5 Upplösning 10 m RGB = (NIR, SWIR, Rött) Tätortsgräns från 2005 i vitt

Gislaved 6 September 2005 SPOT-5 Upplösning 10 m RGB = (NIR, SWIR, Rött) Tätortsgräns från 2005 i vitt

Basic data input Satellite imagery data SPOT, (METRIA) National road database, (the Swedish Road Administration) Locality borders from 2000 to 2005, (Statistics Sweden) Real estate and building register (National Land Survey Office) Land block database, (the Swedish Board of Agriculture) Topographical Map's Forest and Water Strata, (National Land Survey Office) Swedish Land Cover Database, (National Land Survey Office)

Method Two main objectives Make a base map Mapping of changes Split the picture into five layers Forest land Agricultural land Water Roads Other land (Urban land)

Segmentation Program: Definiens Satellite image is split up in segments Segmentgränser i blått

Vegetationindex NIR – Rött NIR + Rött Ljusa ytor = större andel ”grönt” Mörka ytor = vegetation saknas

Segments and buildings

Diagram showing basic classification of urban land

Other buildings with vegetation Water Industry with vegetation No buildings, vegetation Roads Multi-store buildings with vegetation One-family houses without vegetation Multi-store buildings with some vegetation Multi-store buildings without vegetation Industry with some vegetation Industry without vegetation Other buildings with some vegetation Other buildings without vegetation No buildings, some vegetation No buildings, no vegetation One-family houses with some vegetation One-family houses with vegetation

Stockholm 1999 Basic classification of Urban land Skogsmark = mörkgrönt Öppen mark = ljusgrönt Flerbostadshus = rött Villaområden = gult/brunt Industrier = grått Övriga byggnader = brunt Vatten = blått

Västerås 30 juli 1999 Basic classification of Urban land Skogsmask = mörkgrönt Öppen mark = ljusgrönt Flerbostadshus = rött Villaområden = gult/brunt Industrier = grått Övriga byggnader = brunt Vatten = blått

Some Statistics

More statistics

Part of Västerås  Point data, Real Estate with info. on number of inhabitants

Develop indicators Buffers 300 m around points for Real Estate

Percent of the population with hectars of green areas within 300 meters

Stockholm change between 1999 och 2006 Changes in Urban land Difference in NVDI 1999 och 2006 Rött = ytor som har minskat vegetationsindex Grönt = ytor som har ökat vegetationsindex

Green areas to non green areas

Non green areas to green areas

More statistics

Report in Swedish

Future work at SCB Develop methods for handling satellite images Develop indicators Present statistics for localities with or more inhabitants