1 Logica en Schakelalgebra Ben Bruidegom AMSTEL Instituut FNWI UvA.

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Presentation transcript:

1 Logica en Schakelalgebra Ben Bruidegom AMSTEL Instituut FNWI UvA

2 Propositiecalculus proposities  = 5  7 < 8  het regent  ik kom

3 Propositiecalculus proposities  = 5  7 < 8  het regent  ik kom samengestelde proposities  = 5 en 7 < 8  het regent niet  het regent of het regent niet  het regent en het regent niet

4 De verzameling B B = { true, false } p,q = Boolse variabelen Operatoren op B  de conjunctie p  q (p AND q)  de disjunctie p  q (p OR q)  de negatie  (NOT p)

5 Waarheidstabel conjunctie

6 Waarheidstabel disjunctie

7 Waarheidstabel negatie

8 Schakel algebra B = { 0, 1 } p = Boolse variabele Operatoren op B  de conjunctie p. q ( p AND q )  de disjunctie p + q ( p OR q )  de negatie ( NOT (y) )

9 Waarheidstabel van de conjunctie (AND) en disjunctie (OR) en negatie (NOT)

10 Priority of operators 1 e) NOT 2 e) AND 3 e) OR  p + y.z = p + (y.z)  p + y.z ≠ (p + y).z

11 Rekenregels: 0 y y 0 y 1 y 1

12 Overige wetten Associatieve wet:  (p + y) + z = p + (y + z)  (p. y). z = p. (y. z) Commutatieve wet:  y + z = z + y  y. z = z. y Distributieve wetten  p.(y + z) = p.y + p.z  p +(y.z) = (p + y).(p + z)

13 Overige wetten Associatieve wet:a–(b-c)≠(a–b)-c  (p + y) + z = p + (y + z)  (p. y). z = p. (y. z) Commutatieve wet: a – b ≠ b - a  y + z = z + y  y. z = z. y Distributieve wetten  p.(y + z) = p.y + p.z  p +(y.z) = (p + y).(p + z)

14 Bewijs: p + (y.z) = (p+y).(p+z) (p+y).(p+z) = p.p + p.z + y.p + y.z = = p + p.z + y.p + y.z = = p.(1 + z+ y) + y.z = p + y.z

15 Absorptie wetten:

16 Bewijs: z.(y + z) = z z.(y + z) = z.y + z.z = toepassen eerste distributieve wet

17 Bewijs: z.(y + z) = z z.(y + z) = z.y + z.z = z.y + z = z.(y + 1) = z.1 = z

18 Vijf keer een bewijs:  m.b.v. waarheidstabel (zelf doen syllabus tabel 4.1)  m.b.v. schakelalgebra  m.b.v. 1 e distributieve wet (zie boek)  m.b.v. 2 e distributieve wet (zie boek)  m.b.v. De Morgan

19 Bewijs met schakelalgebra

20 Bewijs met schakelalgebra

21 Wetten van De Morgan:

22 Wetten van De Morgan:

23 Wetten van De Morgan:

24 Wetten van De Morgan: Wetten gelden ook voor ‘n’ termen:

25

26

27

28 Maak opgaven bladzijde 62

29 NAND- & NOR-gates & NAND-gate 11 NOR-gate yy zz

30 NAND-gate als bouwsteen voor andere poorten

31 Verkorte tabel NOR-poort x = irrelevant vwxyZ xxx0 x1xx0 xx1x0 xxx10

32 Opgaven bladzijde 64

33 problemsolution Ontwerpen van logische schakelingen

34 problemTruth tablesolution

35 problem Boole expression Truth tablesolution

36 problem Boole expression Truth table Reduced Boole expression solution

37 problem Boole expression Truth table Reduced Boole expression solution Boole algebra

38 problem Boole expression Truth table Reduced Boole expression solution Boole algebra Implementation

39 Majority voting system redundant system Majority Voter Signal cond. sensor a Signal cond. sensor b Signal cond. sensor c Valve control a vb c Vat valve cba Set value

40 Truth table

41 Truth table

42 Truth table  Boole exp.

43 Truth table  Boole exp.

44 Som van mintermen

45 Boole expr.  simplified Boole expr.

46 Boole expr.  simplified Boole expr.

47 Boole expr.  simplified Boole expr.

48 Boole expr.  simplified Boole expr.

49 Simplified Boole expression

50 Implementation & NAND-gate 11 NOR-gate yy zz

51 Implementation with NAND-gates

52 Implementation with NAND-gates

53 Implementation with NAND-gates & & & &

54 Implementation with NAND-gates & & & & abcabc v

55 Programmeerbare logica Read-only memory (ROM) Programmable ROM (PROM) Erasable programmable ROM (EPROM) (erased by UV-light) Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory. (EEPROM) (written/erased by byte) Flash memory (written/erased by block) Bovenstaande “geheugens” zijn geen geheugens maar combinatorische schakelingen. Een uitgang is alleen afhankelijk van de waarden van één of meer ingangen.

56 Programmable logic arrays (PLA’s)

57 AND – OR logic

58 PLA

59 Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

60 MOSFET’s Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors

61 MOSFET’s CMOS Inverter

62 MOSFET’s CMOS NAND-gate

63 MOSFET’s CMOS NAND-gate vwZ 0 volt 5 volt 0 volt5 volt 0 volt5 volt 0 volt