Association for Organics Recycling: Scotland Spring Seminar, 2010 Glasgow Caledonian University – Wednesday 28 th April, 2010 RECYCLING KINSWAY COURT FOOD RESIDUES NATURE’S WAY Douglas Boyle, CRNS & Frank MacMaster, DRCET

Acknowledgements to Project Partners: Scottish Government SEPA Awards for All Glasgow City Council Glasgow Housing Association & Clydeside Tenant Partnership Dumbarton Road Corridor Environment Trust CRNS Remade, and from henceforth: DRCET Climate Challenge Fund Award and CRNS Compost Doctors - Scotland

Extract Consume Dump From Linear to Cyclical Thinking & Solutions ZERO WASTE

Resource Recovery and Reuse Tightening Legislation Rising Costs, Cost Benefits C-footprints Hygiene Storage, Scavengers & Vermin Beneficial Products and SAGE (Sow & Grow Everywhere) Community Responsibility & Behavioural Change Why Treat Food Residues On-site?

KINGSWAY COURT, GLASGOW 6 Blocks contain 684 flats Transient population thus 600 assumed to be occupied On-Site Food Residue Collection has c200 participants Participants average 3kg Food Residues per week (0.16t/a), TOTAL 31.2t/a composted on-site Remaining 400 residents use waste chutes – ultimately landfill, TOTAL62.4t/a to landfill

Methods of Roll out Engagement, door-knocking, awareness (SWAG survey) Caddies & Liners Bins in Chute Rooms to Door-Door Collection Twice weekly collection; Continuous Engagement Licence Facility and Install IVCs Open Days, Primary School days, Newsletters, Raised beds SWAG Mid-project survey and Love Food Hate Waste Leafleting COMMUNICATION

KINGSWAY COURT IVC FACILITY CLEAN ENDDIRTY END Barrier

KINGSWAY COURT IVC FACILITY After 12 hours

KINGSWAY COURT IVC FACILITY After 48 hours

KINGSWAY COURT IVC PRODUCT Screened Maturing Product - <25mm

KINGSWAY COURT IVC PRODUCT Screened Product - <12mm

KINGSWAY COURT Food Residue Collection Statistics

KINGSWAY COURT Food Residue Collection Bulk Density

KINGSWAY COURT Food Residue Collection Participation

KINGSWAY COURT Food Residue Arisings

BEHAVIOUR CHANGE Participation currently static but can be increased Quantities (kg/wk/participant) beginning to fall back SWAG survey shows: 86% see no need for improvements to collection service 86% see no need for improvements to collection service 30% have started to change purchasing habits 30% have started to change purchasing habits (buying less,using only what’s needed, reduced portions (Somerset)

Thus per flat per annum: 5kgCO 2eq /flat Participants in On-Site Composting generate 5kgCO 2eq /flat 57kg/CO 2eq flat Non-Participants generate 57kg/CO 2eq flat 0.936tCO 2eq The total annual emissions for Participants = 0.936tCO 2eq 22.78tCO 2eq The total annual emissions for non-participants = 22.78tCO 2eq On-site composting generates 30kgCO 2eq /t composted Landfill generates 365kgCO 2eq /t disposed (DEFRA/DECC Guidelines for GHG Reporting, 2009) From FLAT to COURT

Potential GHG Reductions at KINGSWAY

At the average rate of waste arisings: 34.16t CO 2eq If all went to landfill as hitherto, then 93.6t/a would generate 34.16t CO 2eq 2.8tCO 2eq If all were to be collected separately and composted on- site only 2.8tCO 2eq would be generated 31.6t The CO 2eq emission saving is 31.6t 92% A reduction of 92% Replicated across Glasgow, or Scotland, the potential is exceptionally exciting! From KINGSWAY COURT to SCOTLAND

Create a community garden on the Kingsway Court High Rise Estate, Environmental education/awareness-raising with local primary schools, Redevelop the Glasgow Greenies youth environmental awareness and action programme, Promote recycling more broadly (dry recyclables), Promote lower household energy use and reduced carbon footprints, Encourage behavioural change, Develop volunteer involvement in and local resident management of these programmes. Anniesland College and Outreach Training CCF PROJECTS LINKED to FOOD RESIDUES

Problems: transient & problematic population; unemployment up only 65% of members (c30% occupants) participating weekly fire regulations necessary because of arson and vandalism in recent survey 58% still didn’t know what happens to collection initial operational teething resulted in odour – largely resolved but inside maturation still not ideal Waste Management Licence costs work inflate costs, but may soon be resolved

Conclusions: 96% of participants rate system Good to Very Good 48% of participants much more aware of food wastage 99% used caddies and liners and found them handy and hygienic average 2.65kg (5.9lt) per flat per week (WRAP 0.5kg) The current collection system costs >£300/t, but costs would be incurred by segregated collection for any other disposal considerable GHG reductions achievable (will be better w/o tspt) >30% participants recorded behavioural changes, 2 want to be Food Waste Champions ZERO WASTE could achieve ZERO WASTE for food and facilitate other recycling the project model is valid for roll-out to other localities

Recommendations: continual engagement and awareness raising required new survey required in May engage more volunteers and part-timers from Kingsway unemployed ALL set up SLA with GCC for ALL deliverables System can be perfected and rolled out elsewhere (already 2 other Housing Associations interested) implement symbiotic CCF projects to maximise benefits – Behavioural Change and GHG reductions

KINGSWAY COURT “ZERO FOOD WASTE – Nature’s Way”

EDUCATING, ENABLING AND EMPOWERING THE COMMUNITY THROUGH COMPOSTING – NATURE’S RECYCLING KINGSWAY COURT BEHAVIOUR CHANGE