Healthy Aboriginals = Healthy Canadians

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Healthy Aboriginals = Healthy Canadians The Housing Conditions of Aboriginal Canadians: The Davis Inlet-Natuashish Example By Alex Drossos April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations Aboriginals in Canada “Indian” under Indian Act, “non-status Indians”, Métis and Inuit 4.4% of Canadian Population 608 First Nations, 52 Cultural Groups, more than 50 Languages >50% of on-reserve are under 25 yrs old On average,  income,  unemployment,  education April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations Research Shows… Aboriginal Canadians are less healthy than the rest of Canadians. Providing health care services to this population cannot in itself remove the health disparities; upstream provisions must also be used. Maintaining cultural identity of Aboriginals is key to providing programs to combat health inequalities. More research in this area is needed, and must be conducted by native people themselves. The formation of the IAHR (Institute of Aboriginal Peoples’ Health) is a step in the right direction. The Aboriginal Peoples Survey (APS) is data rich and a good source for this type of research. April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations Housing Determinants Physical housing conditions Clean water Food availability Income Adequate waste disposal April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations Mandala of Health Hancock, 1985 Good fit with Aboriginal tradition and culture Housing isn’t the centre of the “universe” April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations Policies Historically poor Aboriginal housing policies RCAP 1996 changed that On-reserve housing policy of July 25, 1996 Government claims it is working 7% increase in adequate housing for 133 participating communities Over 60% of First Nations now participating April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations Policies (cont’d) Four key pillars: First Nation control First Nation expertise Share responsibility Better access to private capital April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

Davis Inlet-Natuashish: History Part of Mushuau Innu Band Originally nomadic hunters, from Eastern Quebec Algonkian-speaking Davis Inlet = Utshimassits (place of the boss)  community of ~650 Natuashish is near Little Sango Pond April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

Davis Inlet-Natuashish: Geography April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

Davis Inlet-Natuashish: Sociology History of substance and alcohol abuse One of the highest suicide rates in the world Battle with cultural identity April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

Davis Inlet-Natuashish: The Housing Project 15 km from Davis Inlet 133 new homes New school, medical facility, etc. $152 Million Huge delays Now June completion April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

Policy Cycle Deficiencies Problem definition Policy formulation Interests Research April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations Recommendations Focus on repeating policy cycle, addressing deficiencies Concentrate the interests of Aboriginals Not only housing policy: Education Self-government Population Health Template April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations Pop. Health Template April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations

CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations Question Period "We know that this will not solve all our problems, but our people deserve these houses. No human being should have to live in miserable shacks like those in Davis Inlet. We are leaving behind many years of pain and suffering. Here, we'll at least have a base with decent conditions for dealing with other social problems, like alcoholism." -- Chief Simion Tsakapesh April 3, 2003 CHS 730 - Determinants of Health of Populations