European Union Military Staff Deputy Director General - RAdm Bruce Williams EU Operations in a ‘Wicked’ World (Military adaptation to the Comprehensive Approach) EU Operations in a ‘Wicked’ World (Military adaptation to the Comprehensive Approach)

Wicked Problems INTENT Networked and interdependent world leads to wicked not tame problems as the norm! compromise & collaboration The Modern Reality unintended consequence VISIONVISION

Lisbon Treaty Article 21: –Safeguard values, interests, security, independence and integrity; –Preserve peace, prevent conflict and strengthen international security; Article 26: –The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security policy shall ensure the unity, consistency and effectiveness of action by the Union.

Key Policy Goals A secure, stable and prosperous European Neighbourhood Closer relationship with Strategic Partners Universal respect for human rights Spread of democracy and rule of law Sustainable development policy Crisis management and conflict prevention

Size Matters! EEAS HQ 1450 EU BRUSSELS NATO COMMAND STRUCTURE 9800 APPROXIMATE FIGURES EU Delegations 1900 EUMS 200 International Staff 1200 International Military Staff 400

D iplomacy Political D evelopment Economy Trade D efence & Security Rule of Law Comprehensive Approach CommissionCSDP Geographic & Multilateral Directorates CRISIS PLATFORM

MilitaryOperationalLevel PoliticalStrategicLevel Berlin+ with recourse to NATO assets and capabilities Autonomous (very small scale) COUNCIL/PSC Autonomous Military OHQ Options EU OHQ at SHAPE Designated EU OHQ EU OPSCEN

Relative Utility PEACE CRISIS WAR Domestic Disaster Relief Domestic Civil Support Environmental/ Resource Protection Arms Control Security Assistance Humanitarian Assistance Peace Building Peace Keeping Peace Enforcement Nation Assistance Show of Force Counter Narcotics Counter Piracy Sanctions Enforcement Disaster Relief Counter Terrorism Counter Insurgency Limited Conventional Conflict Major Theatre War Strategic Level War Non-Combatant Evacuations Political/ Economic Sanctions Conflict Consequence Management Counter Organised Crime Climate Change Peacetime Consequence Management Comprehensiveness & Relative Utility EU Comprehensive Action EU Military Instrument EU Civilian Instruments NATO

BiH: OP ALTHEA FYROM: OP CONCORDIA HoA: OP ATALANTA HoA: EUTM SOMALIAChad: EUFOR CHAD DRC: EUFOR DRC DRC: OP ARTIMIS Kosovo: EULEX Georgia: EUMM OPT: EUPOL COPPS OPT: RAFAH - EUBAM DRC - EUSEC DRC: EUPOL Kosovo: EUPT Georgia: EUJUST THEMIS BiH: EUPM FYROM: EUPOL PROXIMA Guinea Bissau: SSR DRC: EUPOL Iraq: EUJUST LEX Indonesia: AMM Afghanistan: EUPOL CSDP Missions (Past & Present) FYROM: EUPAT HoA: EUCAP NESTOR South Sudan: EUVASEC Sudan: AMIS 11 Niger: EUCAP SAHEL

HORN OF AFRICA STRATEGY EU’s Comprehensive Approach in Action HoA Strategy EU funding in HoA €1.6bn PARTNERS AU, Regional States, UN, CMF, NATO, Extra- regional states, NGOs….

CSDP Future Maritime Commitment The Council, highlighting the contribution that the Union has to make a stable and secure global maritime domain, recommended initiating work in the context of CFSP/CSDP, for the elaboration of a security Strategy for the global maritime domain, within the framework of the European Security Strategy. “a responsibility to support law enforcement, protection of citizens and safeguarding national and international interests by countering threats and mitigating risks of illegal or threatening activities in the global maritime domain” EU Concept for MSO under CSDP (May 12) Council Conclusions (26 Apr 10)

CSDP MSO Tasks Surveillance in the Global Maritime Domain Maritime Protection Maritime Interdiction/Control Maritime CT/Counter WMD Proliferation Maritime Law Enforcement Maritime Presence Maritime Security Sector Reform Contribution to Operations Ashore +

The challenge of being new: –Relationship of EEAS with the Commission, Council and Parliament. –Cultural change – EEAS 20 months old! –Span of commitment (Diplomacy – Development - Defence). The ‘Comprehensive’ challenge: –NATO contracts-in comprehensiveness, few levers of state, quick to start. –EU integral comprehensiveness, all levers of state, complex to start. –EU pedigree based on norms of society and nation building not crisis. –Reconciling divergent mandates of stakeholders. The challenge of complexity – the Practical & Political challenge –Ambiguity resultant of a perpetual “Wicked Problem” context. –Consensus versus Plurality. –Ambition versus Reality. –Scale & Politics. The challenge of the sovereign debt crisis Current & Future Challenges