Animal Genetic Improvement in Tropical Area Asst.Dr. Wuttigrai Boonkum Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture Khon Kaen University.

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Presentation transcript:

Animal Genetic Improvement in Tropical Area Asst.Dr. Wuttigrai Boonkum Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture Khon Kaen University

Why is heat stress important ? The Tropics HOT, HOTTER Temperatures have risen more in the Arctic than in the tropics.

Why is heat stress important ? well-being low fertility die low feed intake low milk yield

Economic losses Economic impacts of heat wave on dairy industry about $1 Billion 2003 economic loss $897 to $1500 million in US 2006 California heat wave kills 16,500 dairy cows statewide >2,000 cattle died in Nebraska during June to 2007, Summer was the seasons with the highest of dairy deaths (15,773) in Italy

How heat stress occur ? Cold stress Heat stress Thermoneutral zone Heat production Ambient temperature 4-24 o C Lower critical temp. Upper critical temp. humidity

Heat stress effects THI > 72 for production and around 68 for reproduction are considered to indicate heat stress in dairy cattle

How heat stress occur ? pantingsweatingrespirationfeed intakeruminationwater intake

How to reduce the effects of heat stress ? adjustment of housing and facilities adjustment of housing and facilities Feed and Feeding management Feed and Feeding management Crossbreeding system x B.indicus B.taurus Production traits

How to reduce the effects of heat stress ? avoiding breeding during hot conditions avoiding breeding during hot conditions estrus synchronization timed artificial insemination timed artificial insemination Fertility traits

Alternative method Housing and Shading management Housing and Shading management Feed and Feeding management Feed and Feeding management Crossbreeding system x B.indicus B.taurus Temporary/non sustainable Production traits avoiding breeding during hot season avoiding breeding during hot season estrus synchronization timed artificial insemination timed artificial insemination Fertility traits Temporary/non sustainable Genetic selection 

What traits are interest to study? Using regular monthly milk records THI information at the collecting date Ravagnolo and Misztal, (2000) Using days open records Genetic selection How heat stress affect on genetic ?

Heat stress in Thailand Stress all time

Results: Determination of heat stress threshold

Publication

Results: LSM and HI for DO summer winter

ปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์ต่อการเกิด ความเครียดเนื่องจากร้อนในโคนม Length of exposure to heat stress Level of production Stage of lactation Cooling management Feed consumption Feed offered Breed cattle species Size of the animal

National genetic evaluation under hot-humid climates of Thailand Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University Implications : Estimated breeding value; EBV THI Threshold point Best genetic performance for milk production under heat stress conditions

Ent1 Ent2 Genetic effect Animal 1 Animal 2 Ent1 Ent2 Genetic effect Animal 1 Animal 2 No G x E interaction Reranking G x E interaction Ent1 Ent2 Genetic effect Animal 1 Animal 2 Scaling G x E interaction

Conclusions

ค่า EBV ของพ่อพันธุ์โคนมของกรมปศุสัตว์ปี 2553