Nepal: Health Status Country Profile in Brief Dr Paras K Pokharel Associate Professor Department of Community Medicine BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences Dharan, Nepal

Map of the Country NEPAL

Population Statistics Population of Nepal increased from 15million in 1981 to 18.5 million in 1991 and their to 23.1 million in 2001 fixing an annual growth rate of 2.2 percent in 19-01 decade. Geographic distribution is uneven. The census of 2001 counted 7.3, 44.3 and 48.4 percent of the total population in the Mountain, Hill and the Terai, regions respectively. Urban areas, then 33, accommodated 9.2 percent of the total population in 1991. There is an increasing trend of population and concentration increasing in Urban. After the 1991 population census, number of municipalities increased from 33 to 36 and then to 58, the current population in urban areas in 14.2 percent of the total population. Population Density, for the year 2001 in estimated to be 157 persons per sq. km.

Major Demographic Parameters Crude Birth Rate (CBS) 32.5 Per 1000 Population Crude Death Rate (CDR) 9.3 Per 1000 Population Total Fertility Rate (TFR) 4.1 Per woman Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) 64.1 Per 1000 live births Expectation of life at birth (2001) 59.7 Labour force participation (for the year 1998/ 99) Unemployment Rate 1.8% (population aged 15 years and over) Literacy (for the year 2001) Literacy Rate 53.7% (population aged 6 years and over)

Economy & Expenditure In Health The value of gross domestic product at producer’s price, in 2000/2001, is estimates to be Rs.376,433 millions which is higher by 10.9% of the previous year. Total expenditure in health by government in 1996/97 is Rs.885.4 million, in 1997/98 is Rs.1049.0 million, in 1998/99 is Rs.1137.4 million and in 1999/2000 Rs.1324.8 million spent by government in health sector. The public expenditure on health is 1.2% of GDP. Note: ($1 = Nrs.78.00)

Top Ten Diseases 0.93 Sore Eye 7 Complaints 0.96 1.06 Abdominal Pain 5.51 1.4 Chronic Bronchitis Ear Infection 1.95 Gastritis Pyrexia Itestinal Worms 2.02 ARI 3.35 Diarrhoeal Diseases 2.82 3.13 STD / HIV & Skin Diseases

HIV / AIDS Situation of Nepal

HIV / AIDS Estimation for Nepal

Cumulative HIV / AIDS in Nepal by Sub – Group, 2001

HIV / AIDS Situation in Nepal by Sub – Group, 2001

Met and Unmet Need of Family Planning

Communication Facilities Telephones - main lines in use: 436,816 (January 2002) Telephones - mobile cellular: 15000 Telephone system: General assessment: fair telephone and telegraph service International: radiotelephone communications; microwave landline to India Satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) Radio broadcast stations: AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (January 2000) Radios: 940,000 (2001) Television broadcast stations: 2(2002) Televisions: 430,000 (2002) Internet country code: .np Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 8 (2002) Internet users: 75,000 (2002)

Health Services Hospital Beds Description 1999/2000 2000/01 2001/02 Hospitals 83 93 89 Health Centres 10 10 10 Health Posts 711 700 700 Ayurvedic Services 275 285 285 Sub – Health Posts 3179 3171 3161 Primary Health Centres 160 180 205 Hospital Beds Government Sector 5190 5250 5310 Private Sector 200 300 300

Human Resources in Health Description 1999/2000 2000/01 2001/02 Doctors* 1259 3600 5415 Nurses 2907 3621 3921 ANM 1748 3242 3942 Kaviraj 292 302 313 Vaidya 322 337 354 Health Assistants 5295 5295 8966 Health Workers 3190 3321 3321 Village Health Workers 4015 3985 3980 Health Volunteers 62546 62546 62546 * In Government Sector only

References Annual Health Report. Dept. of Health Services, 2001 Statistical Pocket Book, 2002, Nepal (www.cbs.gov.np) Connectivity Providers - Contact Data Mercantile Office Systems World Link Communications Health Net Nepal Reports on Networking Infrastructure in Nepal The Nepali Internet UUCP access in Nepal Nepal with Full Internet Nepal contact info .np country domain is active

References General Web Links to Information about Nepal Web Links Concerning ISPs and Networking in Nepal Top Level Domain contact World Link Communications Mercantile Office Systems General Web Links to Information about Nepal 2000 World Factbook: Nepal (U.S. CIA) Nepal Online http://www.nepalonline.net NepalNet http://www.panasia.org.sg/nepalnet City.Net Nepal http://www.city.net/countries/nepal

THANK YOU