Chapter 14 Lesson 1 Pages E74 – E79 STATES OF MATTER Chapter 14 Lesson 1 Pages E74 – E79

Objectives Identify some properties of each state of matter. Recognize that matter exists in three familiar states, or phases.

Main Idea Matter can exist in three familiar states: solids, liquids, and gases. These states are determined by the motion and arrangement of particles.

States of Matter It is the physical form that matter takes up There are three familiar states: Solid Liquid gas

Particles and States of Matter All matter is made up of atoms & molecules The movement of these particles determines the state of matter Solids: particles are held together very closely. They vibrate in place. Liquids: particles can slip past each other and move about. Gases: particles are spread very far apart. Constantly moving and bouncing off one another.

SOLIDS A form of matter that has a definite shape and volume One property of a solid is they keep their shape. Another property is definite volume. Foam football is a solid. When squeezed it appears to change shape & volume, but it is actually the pockets of air that change.

LIQUIDS A form of matter that has a definite volume, but no definite shape. Liquid will change shape to match the shape of its container. No definite shape because their particles are not held rigidly in place. Any substance whose particles can flow freely is called a fluid.

GAS A form of matter that has no definite shape or volume The particles are constantly moving & bouncing off each other When gas is placed in a container, the particles spread out to fill the container and take its shape. The particles are free to move and flow, which means all gases are fluids

GAS Unlike solids & liquids, gases are very compressible. Gases have much lower densities than liquids & solids. Objects with lower densities float in fluids with higher densities.

STATES OF MATTER Property Solid Liquid Gas Definite Shape Yes No Definite Volume Compressible Fluid Particle Spacing Close Varies

REVIEW

What two factors determine the state of matter of an object or sample? The arrangement & movement of the particles

What are the three familiar states of matter? Solid Liquid Gas

Describe solid in terms of shape and volume. Definite shape and volume

Describe liquids in terms of shape and volume. Definite volume, no definite shape

Describe gases in terms of shape and volume. No definite volume, no definite shape

Solids and liquids are similar because both A. Are fluids. B. Are compressible C. Have no definite shape. D. Have definite volume.

Solids and liquids are similar because both D. Have definite volume.