Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) http://www.vixbon.com/search.php?q=sigmund+freud Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

The mind is like an iceberg. Most of it is beneath the surface.

Parts of the mind According to Freud Conscious mind Thoughts we are aware of Examples? Unconscious mind Wishes, thoughts, feelings, and memories of which we are unaware Largest part of the mind How do we access? Preconscious mind Temporary storage; memories easily brought into consciousness

http://www.pierce.ctc.edu/staff/tlink/personality/home_topics.html

Freud’s theory People driven by biological desires Food Water Sex Aggression

The id, ego, and superego Examples? The Id Unconscious mind Life and death instincts Life instincts = positive constructive behaviors Death instincts = aggression and destructiveness Pleasure principle Wants IMMEDIATE satisfaction regardless of society’s rules or rights/feelings of others Examples?

The id, ego, and superego Examples? The Ego The self Organizes ways to get what we want Works out compromises with id (the reality principle) Often “referees” between id and superego Delayed gratification Examples?

The id, ego, and superego Examples? The Superego Develops as we experience rules & values of society Requires internalizing of values Represents our sense of morality Examples?

http://www.pierce.ctc.edu/staff/tlink/personality/home_topics.html

Should I eat a bacon-double cheese burger? What would Id say? “Yes. It is yummy and I am hungry.” What would Superego say? “No. It is bad for my health. It is not an ecologically sustainable way to eat.” How would Ego resolve conflict? Use defense mechanism (rationalization) to satisfy id and superego. “Well, just this one time won’t hurt. I’m in a big hurry and wouldn’t it be worse if I had a sensible meal and then had to speed to get to my meeting on time?”

How are the id, ego, and superego at work (or not)? Pastor Ted Haggard was the leader of America's largest evangelical Christian association, the founder and pastor of one of America's most famous mega-churches, a campaigner for "family values" and a vocal opponent of gay marriage legislation. Then a male prostitute came forward and claimed that Haggard had paid him for services and meth. Haggard admitted to having paid for a massage and said that he threw the drugs away. George and the éclair http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKC5jjFkfgo

Freud’s theory These are the warning bells! Unresolved conflicts can lead to anxiety Objective anxiety Neurotic anxiety Moral anxiety These are the warning bells!

Anxieties Objective anxiety Fear of tangible dangers (fire, wild animals, etc.) Bad when carried to extreme Neurotic anxiety Fear of punishment for expressing id-dominated behavior Not afraid of instinct; afraid of punishment Moral anxiety Conflict between id and superego Often leads to shame and guilt

Freud’s theory Defense mechanisms Unconscious tactics Goal Prevent threats from surfacing Disguise threats that do surface

Defense mechanisms Eight groups (each has a defense mechanism) Task Page 403 in textbook Explain to class how defense mechanism works Create a skit that shows defense mechanism in action

Defense mechanisms Displacement Group presentation Valentine’s Day http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xS8G9Qcze6g

Defense mechanisms Denial Group presentation The Big Bang Theory http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=qOfxGR0K9jA&feature=endscreen

Defense mechanisms Rationalization Group presentation Yes Man http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r0MSWCzAfrY

Defense mechanisms Sublimation Group presentation Mean Girls http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GPDt6cMYvoM

Defense mechanisms Reaction Formation Group presentation Happy Endings http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n21IeiboB3k

Defense mechanisms Regression Group presentation Friends http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2xi7B3mkr0&feature=autoplay&list=PL5C340852612A4869&lf=results_video&playnext=2

Defense mechanisms Repression Group presentation Big Bang Theory http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rl5Kag5cfyU

Defense mechanisms Projection Group presentation Friends http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wdYoKI7qxlE&feature=related

Defense mechanisms http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hM2UV_KAmls How many different defense mechanisms can you identify? Friends http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hM2UV_KAmls Reflection exercise Be conscious of your own defense mechanisms. Which ones do you tend to exhibit? Explain!

Name that defense mechanism A physically abusive parent claiming that a beating is good for the child. An 8-year-old child whose parents are getting divorced starts wetting the bed. A young woman forcing the memories of sexual abuse into her unconscious mind. After suffering major losses in the stock market, Jim trades in his luxury car for a small, cheaper car claiming that he wants to help stop air pollution. 1. Rationalization 2. Regression 3. Repression 4. Reaction Formation

Name that defense mechanism 5. After getting fired, Mr. James has been grumpy and short with his wife. 6. An aggressive young man takes up rugby to re-channel his aggressive impulses. 7. A student forgot that his dreaded final exam in geometry was Friday, despite having it marked on his calendar for weeks. 8. A young woman failed a class at school. She asks her teacher what she can do to pass the course. 5. Displacement 6. Sublimation 7. Repression 8. Denial

Name that defense mechanism 9. A student plans to cheat on an upcoming exam, which interprets the anxiety of students who desire to cheat on the exam. 10. A person frequently makes anti-gay slurs, yet harbors romantic feelings for a same-sex friend. 11.Tory was convicted for being a Peeping Tom. Now, he has left behind his sordid past and is a photographer for Playboy magazine. 12. After being criticized at work, Thomas argued with his wife and kicked the dog. 9. Rationalization 10. Denial 11. Sublimation 12. Displacement

Freud’s theory Personality development Develops through childhood Series of psycho-sexual stages Different part of body becomes primary focus of pleasure Failure to resolve conflict can lead to fixation

Oral stage Birth to 18 months Mouth is center of pleasure Problems could arise if weaned from breast or bottle too soon or too late Adult issues (if unresolved) Smoking Over eating Talking too much

Anal stage Ages two to three Toilet training (anus) is center of pleasure Problems could arise if too soon or too late Adult issues (if unresolved) Anal retentive Stingy and neat Anal aggressive Disorganized or impulsive

Anal stage

Phallic stage Ages three to six Genitalia is center of pleasure Different for boys and girls Unresolved conflicts lead to relationship issues as adults

Phallic stage – Boys Sexual feelings for mother Unconsciously wants to get rid of father Oedipus complex Ego represses desires Boy strives to be like father

Phallic stage – Girls Strong feelings for mother Realizes she has no penis Penis envy Transfers feelings to father Electra complex Ego represses desires Girl strives to be like mother

Latency stage Age six until puberty Sexual impulses dormant Child focuses on education & other issues Social skills develop Children generally play with same sex children

Genital stage From puberty on Genitals become source of pleasure Degree of fulfillment depends on resolution of conflicts from earlier stages

Assessing the Unconscious Freudian slips Lapse in speech which Freud believed reflected unconscious desires or beliefs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hpu_iEsISuI Free association Have patient do all of the talking – about anything – and then interpret Dream analysis Interpreting latent (hidden) content of actual events (manifest content) of dreams

Neo-Freudians Alfred Adler Carl Jung Karen Horney Womb envy – men can’t bear children; life less meaningful Cultural factors create inferiority in women – not penis envy Carl Jung Karen Horney Id impulses didn’t drive personality Desire for control drove personality People born with “life force” Introversion and extroversion developed personality

Modern Psychoanalysis Maintain: Role of the unconscious Inner conflicts and Defense mechanisms Reject: Psychosexual stages Id, ego, superego