International aviation soft-law scheme as a governance example for emerging space transportation Jimena Blumenkron, LL.M., LL.B.

 Spacetime – let’s be present  Learning from experience – let’s revisit our past  The next giant leap for humankind – let’s visualize our future Agenda

Spacetime – let’s be present Political Economic Cultural Social Environment

 Movement towards political integration of transnational actors aimed at addressing global issues  International organizations are evolving into supranational units of government  These international organizations respond to a need to formulate, develop, implement and keep current a “regulatory system” Global governance

Learning from experience Let’s revisit our past  21 November First flight in a hot air balloon designed by the Montgolfier brothers  17 December The Wright brothers were the first to fly in a powered and controlled aircraft  1910s - rigid airships were the first aircraft to transport passengers and cargo  1 January First commercial airline flight  years of commercial aviation

52 States States 2014 Convention on International Civil Aviation 7 December 1944, in Chicago Learning from experience Let’s revisit our past Convention Relating to the Regulation of Aerial Navigation 13 October 1919, in Paris 26 States 1919

 Principles and arrangements  Air Navigation  Air Transport  International Civil Aviation Organization  Final provisions Learning from experience Let’s revisit our past

ICAO’s Overview ICAO Assembly ICAO Council Air Navigation Commission ICAO Member States (191) SECRETARIAT  Legal Affairs and External Relations  Air Transport  Air Navigation  Safety  Air Navigation  Monitoring  Technical Co-operation  Administration and Services

Annexes, Procedures, Supplements, Manuals, Circulars…. Annex 19 PANS and SUPPs DOC 9365 DOC 9379 DOC 9481 DOC 9766 DOC 9859 DOC 9992

Making an ICAO Standard Origin of Proposal Development Phase Review Phase Adoption/ Publication Phase Adoption/ Publication Phase

Standards and Recommended Practices SARPS Any specification for physical characteristics, configuration, material, performance, personnel or procedure, the uniform application of which is recognized as necessary/desirable for the safety or regularity of international air navigation.

The next giant leap for humankind L et’s visualize our future  Emerging industry  Civil space transportation  Add-on to global integration

The next giant leap for humankind L et’s visualize our future All ships are modes of transportation Let’s learn from the lessons of the past