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Good writers use a variety of sentence types. The type of sentence is determined by its clauses. Subject + Predicate = Clause Clauses can be independent or dependent. Contains a complete thought Does not contain a complete thought

the presentations by the students Clause or no clause? No Clause (No predicate)

most of the students in our class that day Clause or no clause? No Clause (No predicate)

in the front of the room Clause or no clause? No Clause (No Subject, No predicate)

S P P P the written portion should be typed Clause or no clause? Clause

S P if you speak loudly Clause or no clause? Clause

review the assignment directions Clause or no clause? Clause (you) S P

Now that you can identify clauses, let’s see if you can spot the clauses in the sentences.

when we deliver the presentations Is this dependent or independent? Answer: Dependent

if your presentation is complete Is this dependent or independent? Answer: Dependent

because you practiced at home Is this dependent or independent? Answer: Dependent

since we assigned the project last week in class Is this dependent or independent? Answer: Dependent

that you plan to present Is this dependent or independent? Answer: Dependent

we will begin presentations Thursday Is this dependent or independent? Answer: Independent

practice at home Is this dependent or independent? Answer: Independent

the assignment is worth forty points Is this dependent or independent? Answer: Independent

the project will reflect your theme Is this dependent or independent? Answer: Independent

people remember unique projects Is this dependent or independent? Answer: Independent

Now that you can determine the type of clause, let’s see if you can identify the clauses in a sentence.

He made a collage because it looked cool. How many clauses are there in this sentence? Answer: Three Clauses he was proud, and S P S P S P

S P P On the bus or when at home, How many clauses are there in this sentence? Answer: One Clause they will practice in front of someone.

S P S P Thoughtful projects are impressive How many clauses are there in this sentence? Answer: Two Clauses that is important to remember., and

She will pick a theme then she will create the project. How many clauses are there in this sentence? Answer: Two Clauses S P P

He can ask the teacher if he has a question. How many clauses are there in this sentence? Answer: Two Clauses S P P S P

Now that you can determine the type of clause, let’s see if you can identify the type of sentence. A simple sentence consists of one independent clause. A compound sentence joins two independent clauses. A complex sentence has a dependent clause with an independent clause. A compound-complex sentence has a dependent clause with two independent clauses.

He made a collage because it looked cool. What kind of sentence is this? Answer: This is a compound-complex sentence. he was proud, and S P S P S P Independent dependent

S P P On the bus or when at home, What kind of sentence is this? Answer: This is a simple sentence. they will practice in front of someone. Independent

S P S P Thoughtful projects are impressive What kind of sentence is this? Answer: This is a compound sentence. that is important to remember., and Independent

She will pick a theme, and then she will create the project. What kind of sentence is this? Answer: This is a compound sentence. S P P Independent

He can ask the teacher if he has a question. What kind of sentence is this? Answer: This is a complex sentence. S P P S P Independent Dependent

Identify and label the clauses in your head. Then determine the type of sentence it is. 1) He made a connection between the theme and the project. 2) While he spoke, we stared curiously at his painting. 3) Their family tradition was the most unique of them all. 4) Trying to impress impress the girl, Griffin sang his poem. 5) I enjoyed hearing your presentations; they were interesting. 6) Your grade jumped, so you might earn an A this quarter. Simple Complex Compound S P S P S P S P S P P

Next Topic: Punctuating Quotations

Quotation marks ALWAYS come in pairs, at the beginning and end of the quotation. If a quote is more than one sentence, use closing quotation marks at the end of the last sentence only. Which one is correct? “I worked very hard on my poem,” said Donna. Franco added, “Thank you for your attention. correct

If a quoted sentence is divided into two parts by words that tell who is speaking (like he says or I asked), the second part of the quoted sentence begins with a lowercase letter. Which one is correct? “If you look,” Tony said, “The symbolism is here.” “If you look,” Tony said, “the symbolism is here.” correct

A quotation begins with a capital letter. Which one is correct? Mr. Reckling warned, “Practice at home tonight!” Mr. Reckling warned, “practice at home tonight!” correct

A comma separates the quotation from the words that tell who is speaking. Which one is correct? “I learned so much about my family,” said Beth. “I learned so much about my family.” said Beth. correct

Use single quotation marks for quotations within quotations. Which one is correct? Gretchen explained, “`My mom said, Let’s do this part together. So that’s why you saw us talking at the table.’” Gretchen explained, “My mom said, `Let’s do this part together.’ So that’s why you saw us talking at the table.” correct

The quotation’s ending punctuation goes inside the closing quotation marks. Which one is correct? She admitted, “I was nervous at first, but it wasn’t tough at all.” She admitted, “I was nervous at first, but it wasn’t tough at all”. correct

Decide which version is written correctly. “My art connects to our unit” said Jaclyn “Because both show what it’s like to survive under tough conditions. In the story, Rivka says, `I play the Devil’s game. I play God’s game. And so I stay alive.’ “In my project, I tried to reflect Rivka’s thinking.” “My art connects to our unit,” said Jaclyn, “because both show what it’s like to survive under tough conditions. In the story, Rivka says, `I play the Devil’s game. I play God’s game. And so I stay alive.’ In my project, I tried to reflect Rivka’s thinking.” “My art connects to our unit,” said Jaclyn, “because both show what it’s like to survive under tough conditions. In the story, Rivka says `I play the Devil’s game. I play God’s game. And so I stay alive.” In my project, I tried to reflect Rivka’s thinking. correct ANSWER

Next Topic: Active vs. Passive Voice

In active voice sentences the subject does the action. Example: Alexandra delivered her presentation. In passive voice sentences the subject receives the action. Example: The presentation was delivered by Alexandra. Sometimes the doer of the action is omitted in passive voice sentences. Usage of the active voice creates clearer writing.

1)The poem was read. 2)He explained the figures of speech in the writing. 3)The poster board was brought in by Madison. 4)Six collages were hung in the room by the teacher. 5)Thirty-three points were earned by him. 6)Most of the kids listened politely. 7)She told an interesting story about her family. 8)Most of the presentation was given. Decide if each sentence below is written in the active or passive voice. passive active ANSWER

Determine which example is free of the passive voice. He began his presentation by explaining his theme. Connections between our unit and the theme were given. Then he showed the class his art project. Smiles were given by the class when the project was shown to them by him. He began his presentation by explaining his theme. He explained the connections between his theme and our unit. Much thought was given from him. The class smiled when he showed the project. He began his presentation by explaining his theme. He explained connections between his theme and our unit. The class smiled when he showed his project. He clearly put time into his presentation. Correct Answer

Next Topic: Indicative, Imperative, Subjunctive Mood

Indicative The mood of a verb designates the relationship of the verb's action relative to reality. The indicative mood is used to make factual statements, ask questions, or express opinions as if they were facts. Imperative The imperative mood expresses commands or requests. It indicates that the speaker desires for the action expressed in the sentence to take place. Subjunctive The subjunctive mood is used to explore conditional, or imaginary, or hypothetical situations. The subjunctive mood is used to explore conditions that are contrary to fact:

Decide if the indicative, imperative, or subjunctive mood is used. 1)I hope you do well. 2)Prepare yourself. 3)The presentation will be easier than you think. 4)Time yourself at home to make sure you’re ready. 5)Take a deep breath before beginning, and lose the gum! 6)I will randomly call on people to present. 7)If you were sharp, you would practice standing up. 8)Good speakers make eye contact with the audience. subjunctive indicative imperative ANSWERS

Good Practice!