Presentation to the Joint Legislative Audit Committee May 9, 2002 Air Quality Benefits of Wisconsin’s Motor Vehicle Inspection Program

I/M Air Quality Benefits u Ozone u VOC, NOx, & CO u Carbon Monoxide u Fine Particles u VOC & NOx u Other Toxic Compounds u Benzene, 1,3 Butadiene, Xylene, Toluene

Health Effects u Ozone u Decreased Lung Function u Change in Lung Structure (Lung Scarring) u Degraded Immune System u Triggers Asthma Attacks

Health Effects u Fine Particles u Premature Death u Increased Respiratory Disease u Decreased Lund Function u Changes to Lung Structure

Health Effects u CO u Heart Attacks u Study by Dr. Robert Morris from the Medical College of Wisconsin - Amer. Jour. Pub. Health u Other Toxic Substances u Benzene, 1,3 Butadiene, Xylene, Toluene u Leukemia, Lung Cancer

Health Effects - Cost/Benefit u 4 to 1 Ratio - Health Benefit to Air Quality Program Cost u March 19 - White Office of Management and Budget u British Study - 12, ,500 Deaths Annually - Mostly from Motor Vehicles

I/M Regulatory Benefit u 15% Plan u ~20 tons/day out of 51 tons/day u 9% Plan u ~24 tons/day out of 82 tons/day u Attainment Demonstration Rate of Progress u ~40 tons/day out of 163 tons/day u Redesignation Request u Conformity

I/M Clean Air Act Requirements u Severe Ozone Nonattainment Areas u Milwaukee - Low Enhanced I/M u Performance Standard u State Flexibility to Design Program u Important to Leave a Safety Margin in Program Design u Moderate Nonattainment Areas u Sheboygan u Relatively Low Hurdle

Sheboygan County I/M Program u Difference from Low-Enhanced Program in Milwaukee u Repair Cost Waiver $200 and $75 v. $450 u Policy Decision u More Emission Reduction u Cheaper u Easier to Manage u More Flexibility for Motorists

Contribution to Ozone Formation - VOC

Contribution to Ozone Formation - NOx

Future Considerations u 8-Hour Ozone Standard u March 26, 2002, DC Circuit Court Ruling u Some Additional Legal Hurdles u EPA to Develop an Implementation Plan u 2004 or 2005 Nonattainment Designations u Opportunity to Reduce Design Value  Lower Classification  Avoid Nonattainment Designation

Future Considerations u Fine Particles u March 26, 2002, DC Circuit Court Ruling u EPA to Develop an Implementation Plan u 2004 or 2005 Nonattainment Designations u Continue Attainment Status

Current Fine Particle Monitoring

I/M Program Evaluation u Joint DOT and DNR Evaluation u Comprehensive I/M Program Evaluation  Efficiencies, Improvements & Cost Savings u Stakeholder Input u Completed by December 31, 2002 u Report to the Natural Resources Board and the Legislature

Presentation to the Joint Legislative Audit Committee May 9, 2002 Air Quality Benefits of Wisconsin’s Motor Vehicle Inspection Program