Module 5 Of CASARA ELT Training Plan Vehicle ELT Homings Module 5 Of CASARA ELT Training Plan

Introduce myself and welcome everyone to the presentation 2

Presentation Homer check Crewmember Responsibilities Fore- Aft / Left- Right Antenna Setup Homer check LL-16 DF Indicator Crewmember Responsibilities Vehicle Homing Protocol Ground Search Checklist Tracking a Signal Let audience know the intent of the presentation 3

Using the LL-16 Fore- Aft / Left- Right Antenna Setup

Setting Up Vehicle For Homing Antenna cables Coupled LEFT RIGHT – FORE AFT Antenna set-up Recommended 20 inches apart Power Supply Use car battery whenever you can Have extra AA batteries with you

L-tronics L-per Manual Four Antenna - Vehicle Antenna Spacing Design Recommended for frequency range 118-136 Mhz 20 inches Ref Pg.16 LA Series L-tronics L-per Manual

Vehicle Coupling Connection Left / Right You will find that the antennas are connected in couples and are identified at the base Left / Right or Fore / Aft. Take one couple, and place one on the Left of the car roof, and one on the right. Vehicle – Coupling Connection 3. Take the lead-in cable from these two antennas, and connect it to the“Left / Right” 4. Check coax continuity by confirming ant icon in upper right corner of display Left / Right

Vehicle Coupling Connection Fore / Aft Take the second set of antennas, and place one on the front, and the other on the rear of the roof. Vehicle Coupling Connection Connect the lead - in cable from these two antennas, to the “Fore / Aft” connector Check coax continuity by disconnecting the left right coax and then connect the fore / aft coax to confirm ant icon is displayed in upper right corner. Then reconnect left /right coax Fore Aft Confirm antenna spacing

Antenna Spacing - Vehicle Recommended Length 20” Centered Pg.16 LA Series L-tronics L-per Manual Fore Aft Left/Right CASARA Training Manual Rev. Jan 03 Pg 143

Option Left /Right Antenna Only If the option is to go with one set of antennas Spacing should be 20 inches Anything beyond this measurement can degrade DF Resolution 3. Take the lead-in cable from these two antennas and connect it to the“ Left / Right ” 4. Check coax continuity by confirming ant icon in upper right corner of display 5. Complete test left / right and center Vehicle – Coupling Connection Left / Right

Antenna Spacing – Vehicle Two Antenna Only Recommended Length 20” Centered Pg.16 LA Series L-tronics L-per Manual Left/Right CASARA Training Manual Rev. Jan 03 Pg 143

Caution If Attaching Transmitting Antenna All transmitting antennas including HF and CB Should be separated from the DF antennas using the minimum safe distances Switching diodes can be damaged if transmitting antennas are to close. If damaged meter will deflect to one side only or stay centered Can confirm watts output of the radio by checking the specs in the radio manual

Testing Homer Once antennas is setup and connected to the homer then the reliability check must be completed Set VHF Radio on proper frequency 123.10 (Training) or on 121.5 (Distress Freq) Be sure vehicle is away from building and metal fences before checking Walk around vehicle to different points and key the mike where the LL-16 operator in vehicle will confirm direction on the directional indicator to the radio operator

Are there any questions?

LL-16 DF Indicator- 4 Antenna Following illustration will show how the LL-16 DF indicator will be display to different position in relation to the beacon. Note bars will jump in reaction to passing vehicles , power lines , building and fence reflections. Thin vertical center line means ELT signal center left – right. Thin horizontal center line means ELT signal center fore – aft. Low strength number will always be displayed even if there is no signal detected. Strength numbers in this example may not be accurate for this illustration.

555 Center Indication Left – Right When ELT Is at Front or Rear Of Vehicle 121.5000 ELT-1 L am 555

455 Center Indication Left – Right When ELT Is at Front or Rear Of Vehicle 121.5000 ELT-1 L am 455

500 Center Indication Fore / Aft When ELT Is Right or Left Of Vehicle 121.5000 ELT-1 L am 500

500 Center Indication Fore / Aft When ELT Is Right or Left Of Vehicle 121.5000 ELT-1 L am 500

555 Center Indication Left – Right 2 Antenna Only When ELT Is at Front or Rear Of Vehicle 121.5000 ELT-1 L am 555

121.5000 ELT-1 L am 455 L am

121.5000 ELT-1 L am 435 515

121.5000 ELT-1 435 527 L am

121.5000 ELT-1 435 533 L am

121.5000 ELT-1 435 524 L am

121.5000 ELT-1 435 455 L am

121.5000 ELT-1 435 505 L am

121.5000 ELT-1 435 578 L am

121.5000 ELT-1 599 L am

121.5000 ELT-1 605 L am

121.5000 ELT-1 615 L am

121.5000 ELT-1 600 L am

Are there any questions?

Crewmember Responsibilities Driver - responsible for vehicle and fuel - must drive and park responsibly - will stay with vehicle Navigator - sit up front with driver - Operates GPS - Responsible for maps 1:250,000 topo and 1:500,000 - Navigation tools - keep record of roads travel First aid person - recommended to have with crew - responsible for backpack and first aid kit - crew service radio-cell phone Homer operator - responsible for setup and - testing homer - carry spare batteries - should sit in back seat( Homer may be distraction for driver)

Vehicle Homing Protocol Travel -  All traffic laws must be obeyed including speed limits/seat belts/ operating cell etc - Recommended to have CASARA Logo Displayed on vehicle. -  4 way flashers may be used when traveling below the speed limit or moving on the shoulder of the road. - 4 way flashers must be used when parked on the side of a road. - Vehicles are not to travel where they may get stuck. Vehicles are not to drive on private property without owners consent. Airport - Vehicles must NOT travel on airside of an airport unless; they are escorted or have a Flashing orange light,( VISIBLE 360 Degrees) a functioning two way aircraft radio and have obtained permission from Air Traffic Services prior to entering airside. An unescorted vehicle must have a person onboard with a Airside Vehicle Operators Permit and Restricted Radio Operators License.

Ground Search Checklist Crew dress for outdoors including proper footwear Orange safety vest for all personnel Communication- - Hand held VHF air band radio ( external antenna preferred) - cell phone , sat phone - 2 radios for crew communication - contact list - communication log and Casara Handbook - clipboard and paper First Aid Kit-should be in a backpack - modified with extra latex gloves. - Pocket mask - splinting supplies - copy of first aid manual Survival Backpack - Blankets , ground sheet, tarp, ties or ties strap - Spare Batteries / Screwdriver - glow sticks - flash light, signal mirror - fire starting aids - water, food - trail markers Navigation gear - GPS ( spare batteries) - Compass - Charts, ruler, protractor (pencils, pen)

Ready For Search Search briefing completed Casara Handbook in Vehicle? Check list completed Sufficient fuel in vehicle Before leaving Call JRCC and check for updates Leave a list of crew with contact numbers Should have OPS Norm time establish LL-16 MUST BE ON when enroute to site Homer on proper frequency LL- 16 should be set on DF mode L-Per in REC mode doesn’t work as it is directional to the front and left. The needle should be kept at half scale to allow for increases or decreases in signal strength Volume should be kept constant to allow audible indication of strength Keep the vehicle moving to allow signal averaging. When moving the signal will be swinging, sometimes wildly, however it will favour one side or the other, that is the side the target is on. Keep switching between fore/aft and right/left, especially if you aren’t on a straight road. This will maintain your picture of the situation. If you have a solid indication to one side of the vehicle and you appear to be getting close, stay with fore/aft more and look for the front to back flip. When this flip happens the target is beside you, mark the map and take the next turn that will take you in the direction of the target (box the target). Always keep sources of error in mind (we’ll deal with these a bit later), buildings, cliffs, power lines, etc.. 37

Tracking a Signal If signal is detected stop vehicle where safe. Note location and obtain bearing away from vehicle and be aware of other items that may reflect signals. Mark bearing line on map. Then, select another location to get second bearing. Triangulate the source of the signal. Report to base or JRCC. Watch for centre or change in direction. Always look for sources of error.

Park vehicle at a safe location Mark Location Homer operator try to find center (Note things that can interfere with signal) Take bearing Notify operations (Base-JRCC) Plot best route according to bearing

Park vehicle at a safe location Mark Location Homer operator try to find center (Note things that can interfere with signal) Take bearing Mark on map where second bearing crosses first bearing Notify operations (Base-JRCC) Plot best route to intersection For best results try to get a third bearing

Closing in Use these methods for airports or depots where multiple choices of target exist. When you reach the building circle it about 200 ft away as open space will permit to confirm the right building. Once inside building ask occupants if there is an ELT stored nearby or a radio shop in the building.. Select received mode because DF can become unreliable due to reflections in close space. Homer antenna can be folded at this point. Use signal strength meter. Check ELT antenna on each aircraft . Use Handheld Radio. Tune off frequency

ELT Located Rescue Situation Ground Note JRCC are unlikely to knowingly send a CASARA ground team to a crash site as first responders. However there may be circumstances where a CASARA ground homing team may, due to lack of valid information, be involved as First on Scene responders to a crash site. Precautions should be followed to protect the victims and those responders approaching the crash site.

ELT Located Rescue Situation Ground ON SCENE Protocol Crew prioritizes their initial actions. Confirm roles and responsibilities. Contact JRCC First , then 911 and inform Searchmaster. Report GPS location. Call out and identify yourself as you approach the aircraft advising that you are on your way, to stay calm and do not move. Listen for a response. The objective is to get Emergency Services personal to the scene as soon as possible. Call JRCC First because they would have all the players lined up to contact for the response and you can then contact 911 even just to provide additional information.

Are there any questions?

That’s All For Now Have a pleasant drive!

“THAT OTHERS MAY LIVE” CASARA THANK YOU