AS History Matters AS History Matters S T A R T E R ??The Downfall of Absolute Monarchy May –October 1789?? 5 th May 17 th June 20 th June 23 rd June 27 th June 11 th June June National Guard formed Necker dismissed Union of Three Estates Three Estates ordered to separate Tennis Court Oath taken National Assembly proclaimed Estates General opened

AS History Matters AS History Matters The Downfall of Absolute Monarchy May –October 1789 Timeline of Key Events 5 th MayEstates General opened 17 th JuneNational Assembly proclaimed 20 th June Tennis Court Oath taken 23 rd JuneThree Estates ordered to separate 27 th JuneUnion of Three Estates 11 th June Necker dismissed JuneNational Guard formed July/AugustThe Great Fear 4 th AugustFeudalism ‘abolished’ 26 th AugustDeclaration of the Rights of Man 5 th OctoberWomen march to Versailles

AS History Matters AS History Matters Sunday, 12 April 2015 How was the Ancien Regime dismantled? KI2: The Revolution

AS History Matters AS History Matters Sunday, 12 April 2015 Session Aims Events of Review prep work on events of 1789 Define and explain the importance of the events in 1789 Judge the response of the king.

AS History Matters AS History Matters What was the National Assembly?  How did the Estates General turn into the National Assembly?  What was the significance of the tennis Court oath?  What was the impact of these events on the monarchy?

AS History Matters AS History Matters It is possible to view the events of July 1789 as the climax of a national revolution which had its origins in the aristocratic revolt of 1787 and began in earnest in January Provincial revolutions were now inspired by news of events in Paris. Some were failures, but others succeeded in removing established oligarchies, controlling the price of bread, and creating companies of the National Guard, designed, as in Paris, to curb both aristocratic reaction and popular disturbances. As intendents fled, so the breakdown of royal authority and the de facto decentralisation of French government were both confirmed. Euphoria at the news of the Bastille also prompted most people to cease paying taxes, which were widely regarded as been swept away with the ancien regime. This development was not congenial to the Assembly, which had inherited the royal deficit and was desperately hungry for revenue. DG Wright on the Downfall of the Ancien Regime

AS History Matters AS History Matters The August Decrees 1789 The following were abolished  Tithes  Financial privileges  Tax exemptions  Seigneurial courts  The Feudal System  Venality  Guild restrictions  Personal subjection to a lord  Corporate and provincial privileges Extracts from the Declaration of Rights of Man and the Citizen  ‘Men are born and remain free and equal in right’  ‘These rights, are those of liberty, property, security and resistance to oppression.’  ‘All sovereignty resides essentially in the nation.’  ‘No man may be accused, arrested or detained except in cases determined by law.’  ‘Only strictly necessary punishments may be established’  Every man must be ‘presumed innocent until judged guilty’.  ‘Free expression of thought and opinions is one of the most precious rights of man. Accordingly, every citizen, may speak write and print freely.’  Taxation should be borne equally by all citizens in proportion to their means.’  ‘…the right to property is inviolable and sacred.’

AS History Matters AS History Matters TASK 1.What led to the storming of the Bastille? 2.What did the fall of the Bastille represent? 3.Initially, how did the King respond to the National Assembly? What was their reaction? 4.What was the role of the peasantry during the events of 1789? 5.What were the August Decrees? 6.What was the reaction of the Monarchy?