From Exclusion to Empowerment: The Role of Information and Communication Technologies for Persons with Disabilities New Delhi | 26th November 2014

SESSION 13 Methods of Data Collection on ICT and Persons with Disabilities in Brazil

Regional Center for Studies on the Development of the Information Society  Produce ICT indicators and statistics  Promote the use of ICT statistics for policymaking and academic research  Monitor socioeconomic impacts Brazilian Internet Steering Committee Brazilian Network Information Center Latin America and Portuguese speaking African countries About CETIC.br

Internationally agreed methodological frameworks Monitoring targets Monitoring socioeconomic implications of ICTs ICT surveys in Brazil

General population 10 years or older and Internet users General population Data on disabilities in Brazil Existing statistics

Person with disability Data on disabilities in Brazil IBGE Census 2010 Person with severe disability IBGE Census 2010 included indicators on four types of disabilities related to seeing, hearing, walking and mental/intellectual. Questions covered the difficulty to perform daily activities and the level of such difficulty, in compliance to the Census Questions on Disabilities endorsed by the Washington Group on Disabilities Statistics. QUESTION: Do you have permanent difficulty seeing? (even if wearing glasses) 1. Yes – can’t see at all 2. Yes – a lot of difficulty 3. Yes – some difficulty 4. No – no difficulty

Brazilian population: 23,9% had at least one type of disability (45,6 MM):  The most prevalent difficulty was seeing (18,6%), followed by walking (7%), hearing (5,1%) and mental or intellectual (1,4%). Considering severe levels of disabilities:  8,3% of the population had at least one of the surveyed disabilities in The most prevalent severe disability was related to seeing (3,46%). Gender, age and geographical region:  Women reported disabilities more than men (26,5% versus 21,2%).  67,7% of the population aged 65 years old or older reported some type of disability in any level, while 41,8% reported a severe level of disability.  Northeast region had the highest proportion of the population reporting disabilities (26,6%). Data on disabilities in Brazil IBGE Census 2010

Statistics on:  Persons with disabilities  ICT and persons with disabilities  Web accessibility Automated Data Collection Probability Sample Survey Qualitative Research Statistics on:  Web accessibility Qualitative data:  Focus group and in- depth interviews with persons with disabilities Data on disabilities in Brazil Mixed mode of data collection

Mixed modes of data collection on persons with disabilities and the use of ICTs ICT and persons with disabilities Methods of data collection

CETIC.br’s ICT Households Survey has been collecting data regarding each member of the household since Three ICT related indicators are:  Use of Computer in the household in the last 3 months;  Use of Internet in the household in the last 3 months;  Ownership of a mobile phone; Members of the household ICT related indicators ICT Households Survey Sociodemographic variables

Measuring disabilities by proxy related to limitations in basic activity functioning:  Seeing  Hearing  Walking  Mental/Intellectual  Hands movement IBGE Census Washington Group on Disability Statistics Relevant for the use of ICTs Based on questions adapted from IBGE Census Difficulties in firmly holding items such as cutlery or a pen. This was aimed at classifying persons with physical disabilities related to the upper body, such as hands and arms ICT Households Survey Data collection on disabilities (since 2010)

“The most valuable contribution of the Web is social” “More important than its technological dimension, is that it is an environment for human communication, commercial transactions, government relations and sharing knowledge” Web Crawler Data Analyzer “gov.br” Web Census Project Context and scope

 website1.gov.br  website2.gov.br  website3.gov.br  website4.gov.br  websiten.gov.br Web Crawler and Analysis Tools... Extraction of new URLs  new URL1  new URL2  new URL3... WEB Content search (text only) Database Analysis & Reports “gov.br” Web Census Project Key concepts for the automated data collection

A1: Overall size of the “.gov.br": nr. of Websites and pages A2: Overall size of the “.gov.br”: size in Gigabytes B1: Proportion of Websites using IPv6 Protocol B2: Proportion of Websites using alternative IPv6 domain B3: Proportion of Websites which respond to Ping IPv6 B4: Proportion of Websites which respond to GET command at the IPv6 address C1: Distribution of use of languages in the “.gov.br” Web E1: Proportion of Web pages compliant with W3C HTLM standards F1: Proportion of Web pages compliant with ASES accessibility standards G1: Proportion of type of objects used in Web pages G2: Proportion of types of technologies used in Web pages H1: Average age (last updated) of “.gov.br” Web pages Accessibility “gov.br” Web Census Project Category of indicators

 Pages often had less than 10 errors (37,27%), but there was a large proportion that had more than 100 errors (14,17%) during the validation process.  This data suggests that the majority of the pages are not far from being compliant with the standards. Compliance with W3C HTML standards Proportion of websites compliant with standards

 The analysis on accessibility reveals that there is much that can be done to improve Web accessibility at the “.gov.br” web pages.  Only 4,82% of the webpages were compliant with any of the levels of accessibility (“A”, “AA” or “AAA”). Compliance with Priority Levels - ASES Proportion of websites compliant with standards

 Concepts of Web Accessibility and Universal Design  Qualitative data to complement quantitative sample survey Measuring Web accessibility Qualitative approach Expert group on ICT and Accessibility

 Aimed at conducting an exploratory study on Web accessibility;  Internet use: benefits and barriers o Location of Internet access o Frequency of use o ICT skills o Online activities: communication, leisure, education, banking, e-government, e-commerce o General issues on browsing the Internet o Assistive technologies Measuring Web accessibility Qualitative approach

Measuring Web accessibility Qualitative techniques for data collection

"It's horrible, is the most polluted site on earth, I cannot find anything. The site has more information than you need.“ [Adult, Internet user] "The other day I went online to buy tickets to the movies, because you can book your seat. But for you to select the seat, you must click on a tiny dot.“ [Adult, Internet user, person with physical disability] "Oh, at first I didn’t have much patience to listen to software. It was too much talking. But then we got along when I started to search for recipes online.” [Adult, Internet user, person that is blind] "If I click here and do something wrong, will everyone see?” [Adult, Internet user] "I go to the window that says “GOG –” something. Then I write, Barbie games and they appear. My cousin taught me.“ [Children, Internet user] Measuring Web accessibility Respondent’s voice

o Reliable o Policy relevant o Timely (to inform policy decisions) o Accessible to all key stakeholders o Cost-effective o Interdisciplinary enough to address cross-cutting issues Policy making o Empowering and inclusive policies PRODUCTION OF INDICATORS AND STATISTICS Data and statistics for Evidence-based policymaking ICT Statistics and Indicators Indicators Internationally comparable data Policy-relevant data analysis “The impact of policy can be measured with good statistics. If policy cannot be measured it is not good policy.” (Othman, 2005)

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