CHAPTER 25 PART 2 PAKISTAN AND BANGLADESH

ANCIENT LANDS INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION, A CULTURAL HEARTH IN WHAT IS NOW PAKISTAN WHAT WERE REASONS THAT IT DEVELOPED HERE? (MAP PAGE 544) FERTILE LANDS ALONG THE INDUS WHAT LANDFORM PREVENTED ITS EXPANSION TO THE EAST? THAR DESERT

OTHER CONQUERORS ARYANS MAURYAN GUPTA MUGHAL BRITAIN

PARTITION AND WAR IN 1947, AT THE END OF THE RAJ, OR BRITISH RULE, INDIA WAS SPLIT INTO NEW DIVISIONS THE PARTITION WAS BASED ALONG RELIGIOUS LINES MUSLIMS IN EASTERN INDIAN WERE FORCED TO MIGRATE TO EAST PAKISTAN MUSLIMS IN WESTERN INDIA WERE FORCED TO GO TO WEST PAKISTAN HINDUS FLED TO INDIA FROM THESE TWO NEW REGIONS

Muslims leave India, Just as Hindus fled to India after the establishment of Pakistan, millions of Muslims migrated to the Islamic republic from India. During this period the migrant Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs slaughtered each other in great numbers.

Hindus leave Pakistan, India's freedom was won at a terrible price, since the partition of India caused suffering and death for millions of Indians. Fearing Muslim violence, Hindus and Sikhs fled by every available form of transportation from the areas of Punjab and Bengal which were included in Pakistan.

MUSLIMS HINDUS

1971 CIVIL WAR EAST PAKISTAN WANTED A SEPARATE STATE FROM WEST PAKISTAN INDIA HELPED TO CREATE THE NEW COUNTRY OF BANGLADESH IN 1971

KASHMIR

THE FERTILE VALLEY OF KASHMIR (SEE MAP ON PAGE 574) IS A DISPUTED TERRITORY. SEVERAL WARS BETWEEN INDIA AND PAKISTAN HAVE NOT RESOLVED THE CONTROL OF KASHMIR

WHAT THIRD COUNTRY MAY BE INVOLVED IN THE TERRITORIAL DISPUTES? WHAT RIVER HAS ITS HEADWATERS IN KASHMIR? WHAT 2 RELIGIONS ARE PART OF THE FEUD? MAP OF KASHMIR

STRUGGLING ECONOMIES Rapidly growing populations challenge resources in Bangladesh and Pakistan Most agriculture is subsistence farming Economic activities are affected by the monsoonal winds that bring heavy rains and flooding to Bangladesh Much of Pakistan is arid and soil is poor

PAKISTAN FARMING MONSOONAL FLOODING IN BANGLDESH

MAIN INDUSTRIES IN BANGLADESH ARE EXPORTS OF FISH, RICE, AND JUTE, WHICH IS USED TO MAKE ROPE AND CARPET

SMALL INDUSTRY AND MICROCREDIT MOST BUSINESSES IN PAKISTAN AND BANGLADESH ARE SMALL MICROCREDIT IS A POLICY THAT GIVES SMALL LOANS TO ENTRPRENEURS TO START THEIR OWN BUSINESSES THIS HAS RAISED THE STANDARD OF LIVING FOR SOUTH ASIANS, ESPECIALLY WOMEN

ONE RELIGION, MANY PEOPLES MOST PEOPLE IN PAKISTAN AND BANGLADESH ARE MUSLIM MANY WOMEN IN THESE TWO COUNTRIES PRACTICE PURDAH, OR THE CUSTOM OF VEILING, COMMON IN SW ASIA PAKISTAN IS MULTICULTURAL AND THE LANGUAGE IS URDU, CHOSEN FOR NATIONAL UNITY, BECAUSE SOME REGIONS IN PAKISTAN HAVE THEIR OWN LOCAL LANGUAGES

CULTURES IN BANGLADESH PEOPLE IN BANGLADESH SPEAK SANSKRIT THEY ARE MOSTLY BENGALIS ABOUT 10% ARE HINDUS FORMER PRIME MINISTER ZIA OF BANGLADESH

THE ARTS PEOPLE OF THIS REGION HAVE A GREAT LOVE OF POETRY BANGLADESH’S MOST FAMOUS POET, TAGORE, A NOBEL PRIZE WINNER, WROTE ABOUT THE GANGES

MUSIC AND DANCE Trailer for Sema, the Dance of the Whirling Dervishes By Seth Bloombaum On ExposureRoom.mht Trailer for Sema, the Dance of the Whirling Dervishes By Seth Bloombaum On ExposureRoom.mht c-video/370328/83132/These-whirling- dervishes-move-in-alignment-to-the- universal-dance c-video/370328/83132/These-whirling- dervishes-move-in-alignment-to-the- universal-dance THE SUFIS, MUSLIMS WHO ARE FAMOUS FOR A WHIRLING DANCE, PRACTICE QAWWALI, A DEVOTIONAL SINGING AND DANCING

PAKISTAN AND AFGHANISTAN AND TERRORISM WATCH THE FOLLOWING VIDEO ABOUT EFFORTS TO STOP AL-QAEDA IN PAKISTAN AND AFGHANISTAN