Essential Question What were the causes and effects of the War of 1812? What were the causes and effects of the War of 1812?
The War of 1812
Election of 1808 James Madison (Republican) James Madison (Republican) Charles Pinckney (Federalist) Charles Pinckney (Federalist)
War Hawks Supported war with Britain Supported war with Britain Henry Clay (KY) Henry Clay (KY) John Calhoun (SC) John Calhoun (SC)
Why Did Southerners and Westerners Support War? British trade restrictions hurt farmers British trade restrictions hurt farmers Westerners blamed British for supporting Indian uprisings Westerners blamed British for supporting Indian uprisings
Moving West Kentucky Kentucky Tennessee Tennessee Northwest Territory Northwest Territory
Native American Resistance Little Turtle – chief of the Miami people Little Turtle – chief of the Miami people Washington sent General Anthony Wayne Washington sent General Anthony Wayne Battle of Fallen Timbers Battle of Fallen Timbers
Treaty of Greenville August 1795 August 1795 Indians gave up land in Ohio, Indiana, parts of Illinois and Michigan Indians gave up land in Ohio, Indiana, parts of Illinois and Michigan
Tecumseh Shawnee leader Shawnee leader Believed Native Americans needed to unite to protect their lands Believed Native Americans needed to unite to protect their lands
William Henry Harrison Governor of Indiana territory Governor of Indiana territory Won at the Battle of Tippecanoe Won at the Battle of Tippecanoe Indian leaders fled to Canada Indian leaders fled to Canada
Declaration of War June 1812 June 1812 President Madison asked Congress to declare war President Madison asked Congress to declare war
Quote, Madison “Thousands of American citizens, under the safeguard of public law and of their national flag, have been torn from... Everything dear to them; have been dragged on board ships of a foreign nation to be exiled to the most distant and deadly climes to risk their lives in battles of their oppressors.”
Invasion of Canada Attacked from Detroit, Niagara Falls, Hudson River Valley Attacked from Detroit, Niagara Falls, Hudson River Valley All failed All failed
Battles of War of 1812
Oliver Hazard Perry Leader of Lake Erie Fleet Leader of Lake Erie Fleet Defeated the British Defeated the British Control for U.S. of Great Lakes Control for U.S. of Great Lakes
Washington D.C. August 1814 August 1814 British fleet entered the city British fleet entered the city
Washington D.C. Madison and other leaders fled Madison and other leaders fled British set fire to the White House and the Capitol British set fire to the White House and the Capitol Dolly Madison saved important papers Dolly Madison saved important papers
Fort McHenry British marched on Baltimore British marched on Baltimore Attacked Fort McHenry Attacked Fort McHenry Not successful Not successful
Francis Scott Key He wrote The Star- Spangled Banner while watching this battle He wrote The Star- Spangled Banner while watching this battle
Battle of Lake Champlain September 1814 September 1814 U.S. Victory U.S. Victory
Battle of New Orleans January 1815 January 1815 British landed at New Orleans British landed at New Orleans Victory for U.S. forces under Andrew Jackson Victory for U.S. forces under Andrew Jackson
War of 1812
Treaty of Ghent Dec Dec Ended the War of 1812 Ended the War of 1812 England must honor U.S. boundaries England must honor U.S. boundaries
Convention of 1818 U.S.-Canadian border from Minnesota to the Rocky Mountains set at 49 degrees north latitude U.S.-Canadian border from Minnesota to the Rocky Mountains set at 49 degrees north latitude