CHINA TODAY Chapter 26 section 3

 I. China’s economy  A. command economy: an economic system in which the gov’t owns all businesses and makes all economic decisions 1. example: where ppl work 2. in 1970’s, China began allowing aspects of a market economy(ppl choose careers, decide what to make or sell, and keep the profits they earn) b/c they had economic problems

3. mixed economy had helped China’s economic boom – 2 nd largest economy in the world  B. agriculture and industry 1. most Chinese are farmers 2. world’s leading producer of a. rice b. wheat c. corn d. potatoes

3. 10% land good for farming (arable) 4. industry is rapidly growing a. satellites and chemicals b. clothing and toys c. industry and manufacturing are most profitable part of China’s economy

 C. results of economic growth 1. improved wages and standard of living 2. most homes have electricity 3. ppl can afford TVs, computers, and cars 4. rural areas - ppl poor and unemployment is high

 II. China’s government  A. gov’t tightly controls most areas of life 1. newspapers 2. Internet  B. harshly punishes those who oppose gov’t ,000 pro-democracy protestors gathered in Tiananmen Square 2. when they wouldn’t leave, gov’t sent in troops and tanks 3. hundreds killed, many more injured or imprisoned

 C. harsh action against ethnic rebellions Tibetans rebelled and China quickly crushed revolt 2. the Dalai Lama (Buddhist leader) fled to India 3. cracked down on Tibetans’ rights

 D. China’s accused of not respecting human rights  E. some countries want to limit or stop trading w/China

 III. Rural and Urban China  A. rural China 1. most ppl live in small, rural villages 2. use same farming methods for decades 3. not modern  B. urban China 1. ppl leave villages for cities 2. growing econ. – rapid urbanization

3. major cities on coast or along major rivers 4. Shanghai a. lgest city w/13 million ppl b. leading seaport and industrial and commercial center c. has European feel and nightlife

5. Beijing (Peking) a. second lgest b. capital c. mix of old and new d. political and cultural center 6. Hong Kong a. major port city b. center of trade and tourism

c. colony of UK until 1997 d. mix of cultures e. modern 7. Macao a. major port city b. center of trade and tourism c. colony of Portugal until 1999 d. modern e. mix of cultures

 IV. China’s environment  A. econ and urban growth – serious issues 1. cars and factories pollute air and water 2. coal used for electricity  B. loss of forests and farmland 1. trees cut down w/out replanting 2. cities built on best farmland

 C. working to address these issues 1. move toward hydroelectric power 2. Three Gorges Dam on Chang Jiang River a. finished in 2009 b. world’s lgest dam c. generate as much electricity as 15 coal- burning plants d. hundreds of towns and cities under water e. loss of farmland f. millions have had to move