Aarhus Gender equality in science European facts and figures Florence BOUVRET European Commission Research Directorate-General Directorate L Science, Economy and Society Unit L.4 - Scientific culture and gender issues

Background : Women in Science Policy - FP6 - FP7 Where do we stand after 10 years? Figures... Latest activities: new studies and recommendations What next? Where are we?

Women and Science Communication (1999) Sector/unit Women & Science DATA COLLECTION (public & private, enlarged EU, etc) ANALYSIS: comparison of national policies,exchange of knowledge… NETWORKING PROMOTION: Role models, embassators, mentoring… GENDER WATCH SYSTEM (internal to DG RTD) POLITICAL FORUM (Helsinki Group) EXPERT GROUPS (esp. WIRDEM, Statistical correspondents, industrial sector…) Excellence and Innovation - Gender equality in science (2005) Council Conclusions of 18 April 2005 Gender Pact (European Council 23/24 March 2006) Main Steps in policy development 40% 25%

Increasing the NUMBER of women in science through: Monitoring (She Figures, and Gender Watch internally) Working conditions (WLB, Partnership for Researchers) Reaching out to schools to combat early stereotypes Network promotion (EPWS) Women in Industrial Research Ambassadors of science, mentoring Gender management in research organisations MAINSTREAM gender in research: Inter-service working group on gender implications in different research fields (transports, nanotechnologies, health …) Gender Reporting in FP funded projects (part of regular reports) Women in Science in FP6 FP M€ in 4 years

Women in Science FP7 FP M€ in 3 years Wider scope, impact and public engagement … organisational changes 2007 Meta-analysis on gender and research (horizontal / vertical segregation) Survey on positive action schemes for women in decision-making (EU, USA, Australia, Canada) Gender training and toolkits for FP Expert group “Gender and Excellence” on grant and funding systems, transparency and accountability Gender management in organisations, best practices 2009 Mobilising and engaging other stakeholders in the debate on gender in science ( S&T centres and museums) Changes in the organisations 2010 and beyond …Actions to implement the changes

Background : Women in Science Policy - FP6 - FP7 Where do we stand after 10 years? Figures... Latest activities: new studies and recommendations What next? Where are we?

1.SHE FIGURES 2009 leaflet 2.GENDER EQUALITY REPORT (internal data) - see website Data and Analysis

Proportion of female researchers, 2006

Proportion of female PhD (ISCED 6) graduates, 2006

Academic Career? Men and Women EU-27, 2002/2006 Definition of grades: A-The single highest grade/post at which research is normally conducted within the institutional or corporate system, B - Researchers working in positions not as senior as top position (A) but more senior than the newly qualified PhD holders, C-The first grade/post into which a newly qualified PhD (ISCED6) graduate would normally be recruited within the institutional or corporate system. Headcount.

Science and Engineering Men & Women EU-27, 2002/2006 Grade A - The single highest grade/post at which research is normally conducted, Grade B - Researchers working in positions not as senior as top position (A) but more senior than the newly qualified PhD holders, Grade C - The first grade/post into which a newly qualified PhD (ISCED6) graduate would normally be recruited ISCED 6 – Advanced higher education programs (PhD) ISCED 5A – Basic higher education programs (Bachelors and Masters) leading to access to advanced university studies (PhD)

Proportion of women in grade A academic positions, 2002/2007

Background : Women in Science Policy - FP6 - FP7 Where do we stand after 10 years? Figures... Latest activities: new studies and recommendations What next? Where are we?

Contract: meta-analysis Meta-analysis of gender in research (2M € - 30 months - contract till 29/10/2010) l lConsortium led by CIREM - Spain l lProduction of a database on European gender research of the last 25 years l lVertical segregation l lHorizontal segregation l lCauses and effects l lCountry group reports expected this summer l lFinal analysis in 2010

Contract: Gender toolkit & training Gender toolkit and training activities ( € 700, months) l lConsortium led by Yellow Window - Belgium l lPreparation of a gender toolkit on 9 FP7 themes with case studies for each theme l l4 information seminars in Brussels about the project l lTraining sessions to start in autimn 2009 for NCPs, researchers, project coordinators, any interested party. l lDISSEMINATE THE INFORMATION (leaflet available) l lhttp://

Benchmarking of policy measures for gender equality in science Updates previous Helsinki Group report on National Policies on Women and Science in Europe (2002) Covers EU-27 + Iceland, Israel, Norway, Croatia, Switzerland, Turkey, in addition to five Western Balkans countries Mapping of current gender equality measures Identify and analyse the success of key women and science policies and actions Produce national statistical profiles Analyse success of identified policies and actions

- Sex-disaggregated analysis on access to research funding No very systematic pattern on success rate by sex was found However there are gender patterns (e.g. women are less likely to apply for funding than men and they request smaller amounts of money) Measures implemented in pro-active countries include targets or quotas; and integrated policies that increase university funding based on universities performances in terms of gender equity. Final recommendations from the group: –Taking the gender challenge seriously (positive actions and political will) –Increasing funding applications from women researchers –Improving gender balance among “gatekeepers” of research funding –Gender monitoring and publishing of qualitative and quantitative indicators, broken down by discipline and research instruments –Improving accountability and transparency in allocation of research funding (publications of procedures and criteria, conflict of interest of evaluators, etc.) The gender challenge in research funding Assessing the European national scenes

Women in S&T Expert group on Women in Science & Technology ( ): creating sustainable careers Several studies within the private sector Business case of policies for reconciliation of private and professional life: how to stop the leaky pipeline through work-life balance (WLB)?  Flexitime (WLB tool) requires broader view on career and heavy workload management  Need a change in corporate culture

Background : Women in Science Policy - FP6 - FP7 Where do we stand after 10 years? Figures... Latest activities: new studies and recommendations What next? Where are we?

STRUCTURAL CHANGES Programs aimed at increasing numbers of women in science generally attempt to fix the women… to make them competitive… But is not enough…you also have to fix the administration …” Londa Schiebinger

2005: Charter for Researchers and Code of conduct for recruitment of researchers 2007: Comparative study on positive actions in Europe and third countries at institutional and national level 2008: “Better careers and more mobility: European Partnership for Researchers” 2008: Gender management in research organisation: identify and promote best practices 2009: Modernisation of universities HR management 2009: Awareness raising among public and private institutions 2009: Involvement of public at large in the debate on gender in science Fixing the ADMINISTRATION

Conference Prague May 2009 Changing Research Landscapes to make the most of human potential - 10 years of EU activites on women and science - and beyond Stock-taking of 10 years’ activities on women in science Comparison with third countries’ experiences Definition of steps forwards A milestone

General Commission website: Women and science (part of science, economy and society): FP7: Thank you for your attention!