Organization of the Upper Limb Robert S. Staron, Ph.D. Summer Anatomy Immersion

Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed Gray’s Anatomy 37th ed Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed

Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed Grant’s Atlas 8th ed Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed

Antr division: flexor comp. Postr division: ext comp. Netter’s Atlas of Human Embryology 2002

Muscle Compartments of the Upper Limb Anterior musculocutaneous n. Humerus radial n. Ulna Radius median n. & ulnar n. (including ECRL & brachioradialis mm.) 5th metacarpal ulnar n. & median n. Posterior Grant’s Dissector 13th ed (including a portion of the brachialis m.)

Origin of Limb Muscles Dorsal muscle mass forms extensors and supinators in upper limb, extensors and abductors in lower limb. Ventral muscle mass forms flexors and pronators in upper limb and flexors and adductors in lower limb. Morphogenesis guided by CT, not myoblasts Split into individual muscles, cell death involved Carlson l999 Human Embryology Larsen 1993

Hollinshead’s Textbook of Anatomy 5th ed

Grant’s Dissector 13th ed

21. Rohen/Yokochi Color Atlas of Anatomy 2nd ed

Brachial Plexus Netter’s Atlas 2nd ed

hand – forearm – arm – shoulder distal proximal Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed

Extrinsic shoulder mm. Intrinsic shoulder mm. trapezius m. latissimus dorsi m. levator scapulae m. rhomboideus major m. rhomboideus minor m. serratus anterior m. infraspinatus m. supraspinatus m. subscapularis m. teres minor m. teres major m. deltoid m. Anterior thorax mm. 1) pectoralis major and minor mm. 2) subclavius m.

trapezius m. (spinal accessory n. - CN XI + C3 & C4) Extrinsic shoulder mm. trapezius m. (spinal accessory n. - CN XI + C3 & C4) latissimus dorsi m. (thoracodorsal n. - C6, C7, C8) levator scapulae m. (C3 & C4 + dorsal scapular n. - C5) rhomboideus major m. (dorsal scapular n. - C5) rhomboideus minor m. (dorsal scapular n. - C5) serratus anterior m. (long thoracic n. - C5, C6, C7) Anterior thorax mm. 1) pectoralis major ( C5-T1) & minor (C6-C8) mm. med/lat pect nn. 2) subclavius m. (n. to subclavius m. - C5, C6)

Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed Grant’s Atlas 8th ed Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed

Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed

Netter’s Atlas 2nd ed

Intrinsic shoulder mm. infraspinatus m. (suprascapular n. - C5, C6) supraspinatus m. (suprascapular n. - C5, C6) subscapularis m. (upper + lower subscapular nn. - C5, C6) teres minor m. (axillary n. - C5, C6) teres major m. (lower subscapular n. - C5, C6) deltoid m. (axillary n. - C5, C6)

Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed Grant’s Atlas 8th ed Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 8th ed

Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed

rotator cuff musculature Netter’s Atlas 2nd ed

Muscle Compartments of the Upper Limb - arm Anterior musculocutaneous n. Humerus radial n. Ulna Radius median n. & ulnar n. (including ECRL & brachioradialis mm.) 5th metacarpal ulnar n. & median n. Posterior Grant’s Dissector 13th ed (including a portion of the brachialis m.)

Grant’s Dissector 13th ed

brachium antr compartment postr compartment biceps brachii m. long head short head brachialis m. coracobrachialis m. triceps brachii m. lateral head medial head long head anconeus m.

coracobrachialis m. (C5-C7) musculocutaneous n. (C5-C7) biceps brachii m. (C5, C6) brachialis m. (C5, C6) coracobrachialis m. (C5-C7) Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed

axillary n. (C5-C6) radial n. (C5-T1) deltoid m. (C5, C6) teres minor m. (C5, C6) radial n. (C5-T1) triceps brachii m. (C6-C8) anconeus m. (C7, C8) (brachialis m. C5, C6) Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed

Grant’s Dissector 13th ed

Muscle Compartments of the Upper Limb - forearm Anterior musculocutaneous n. Humerus radial n. Ulna Radius median n. & ulnar n. (including ECRL & brachioradialis mm.) 5th metacarpal ulnar n. & median n. Posterior Grant’s Dissector 13th ed (including a portion of the brachialis m.)

Muscle Compartments of the Upper Limb - forearm Anterior musculocutaneous n. Humerus radial n. Ulna Radius median n. & ulnar n. (including ECRL & brachioradialis mm.) 5th metacarpal ulnar n. & median n. Posterior Grant’s Dissector 13th ed (including a portion of the brachialis m.) (FCU & ulnar ½ FDP)

Grant’s Dissector 13th ed

antebrachium antr compartment postr compartment pronator teres m. flex. carpi radialis m. palmaris longus m. flex. carpi ulnaris m. flex. digit. superf. m. flex. digit. profund. m. flex. pollicis longus m. pronator quadratus m. brachioradialis m. ext. carpi radialis longus m. ext. carpi radialis brevis m. ext. carpi ulnaris m. extensor digitorum m. extensor digiti minimi m. extensor indicis m. abd pollicis longus m. ext. pollicis longus/brevis m. supinator m.

antebrachium antr compartment (median & ulnar nn.) pronator teres m. (C6, C7) flex. carpi radialis m. (C6, C7) palmaris longus m. (C7, C8) flex. carpi ulnaris m. (C7, C8) flex. digit. superf. m. (C7, C8, T1) flex. digit. profund. m. (C7, C8, T1) flex. pollicis longus m. (C8, T1) pronator quadratus m. (C8, T1)

antebrachium antr compartment (median & ulnar nn.) pronator teres m. (C6, C7) flex. carpi radialis m. (C6, C7) palmaris longus m. (C7, C8) flex. carpi ulnaris m. (C7, C8) flex. digit. superf. m. (C7, C8, T1) flex. digit. profund. m. (C7, C8, T1) flex. pollicis longus m. (C8, T1) pronator quadratus m. (C8, T1)

ulnar n. (C7-T1) flex carpi ulnaris m. medial ½ FDP + 14 intrinsic hand muscles Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed

median n. (C5-T1) PT, FCR, PL, FDS, lat ½ FDP, FPL, PQ + 5 intrinsic hand muscles Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed

antebrachium postr compartment (radial n. C5-T1) brachioradialis m. (C5, C6) ext. carpi radialis longus m. (C6, C7) ext. carpi radialis brevis m. (C6, C7 or C7, C8) ext. carpi ulnaris m. (C7, C8) extensor digitorum m. (C7, C8) extensor digiti minimi m. (C7, C8) extensor indicis m. (C7, C8) abd pollicis longus m. (C7, C8) ext. pollicis longus/brevis m. (C7, C8) supinator m. (C5, C6)

radial n. (C5-T1) triceps brachii m., anconeus m. (brachialis m.) BR, ECRL, ECRB, ED, EDM, supinator, ECU, EI, AbdPL, EPL, EPB Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed

Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy 11th ed

Muscle Compartments of the Upper Limb - hand Anterior musculocutaneous n. Humerus radial n. Ulna Radius median n. & ulnar n. (including ECRL & brachioradialis mm.) 5th metacarpal ulnar n. & median n. Posterior Grant’s Dissector 13th ed (including a portion of the brachialis m.) (FCU & ulnar ½ FDP)

Muscle Compartments of the Upper Limb - hand Anterior musculocutaneous n. Humerus radial n. Ulna Radius median n. & ulnar n. (including ECRL & brachioradialis mm.) 5th metacarpal ulnar n. & median n. Posterior Grant’s Dissector 13th ed (including a portion of the brachialis m.) (FCU & ulnar ½ FDP) (thenar mm. & 1st, 2nd lumbricals)

intrinsic hand muscles (C8, T1) 7 interosseii mm. (4 dorsal/3 palmar) 4 lumbrical mm. (1, 2, 3, 4) palmaris brevis m. adductor pollicis m. three thenar mm. (OP, abd.PB, FPB) three hypothenar mm. (ODM, abd.DM, FDMB)

intrinsic hand muscles (median & ulnar nn.) 7 interosseii mm. (4 dorsal/3 palmar) 4 lumbrical mm. (1, 2, 3, 4) palmaris brevis m. adductor pollicis m. three thenar mm. (OP, abd.PB, FPB) three hypothenar mm. (ODM, abd.DM, FDMB)

upper limb - cutaneous innervation Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed

upper limb – dermatome pattern Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy 2nd ed