Symbiosis and coevolution in insect- microbe communities Nicole Gerardo Emory University, Department of Biology Nancy Lowe, Ben Parker.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Bioprospecting By C Kohn, Waterford Agricultural Sciences

Advertisements

EX. 20 Antibiotic Disk Sensitivity

Community Interactions

14 Mutualism and Commensalism. 14 Mutualism and Commensalism Case Study: The First Farmers Positive Interactions Characteristics of Mutualism Ecological.

Biotic Disorders Read Chapter 10 At the end of this section students should be able to: 1) List and describe the seven major types of disease causing.

Mutualisms - Chap. 15 I. Terms and concepts A. Symbiosis vs. Mutualism

PLANT PATHOLOGY. Plant disease Plant’s normal function is interrupted by a pathogen or the environment.

Oak Wilt Identifying Characteristics:

Mutualism & Commensalism Photo of hawk moth potentially pollinating Dianthus from Wikimedia Commons.

Oak Wilt D.L. Clement Regional Specialist University of Maryland Extension.

Species Interactions BIOL 1407.

1 Community Ecology Chapter Biological Communities Community: all the organisms that live together in a specific place –Evolve together –Forage.

Goal 5: Ecology. Why Study Ecology interactions between organisms and their environments Ecology is the study of interactions between organisms and their.

UNIT II – PLANT DIVERSITY

Hissing Cockroaches and Symbiosis Symbiosis is when 2 or more species have long term interactions with one another. -This relationship is often shown by.

Interactions in Communities ES Holt Ch Community  All populations interacting in a particular ecosystem.

Mutualism and Commensalism

I. Introduction to disease control A. Causes of Plant Diseases 1. Abiotic a. Non-living cause of a plant disease by a physical or chemical component of.

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell.

KEY CONCEPT Fungi recycle nutrients in the environment.

Symbiosis. Symbioses - species living in close association Parasitism +,- parasite benefits, host harmed Commensalism +,0 or 0,0 can have positive effect.

Objective: Discuss diseases and viruses..  Plant disorders caused by an infectious pathogen or agent  3 conditions necessary for diseases in plants:

Community Interactions

Powdery mildew diseases are caused by many different species of fungi in the order Erysiphales Retrieved From:

Sociality and Disease Resistance Rosengaus et al Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 44:

Everything is Connected

Symbiosis By: Nick Curry.

Relationships How do different species affect one another?

SYMBIOSIS. Definition of Symbiosis Symbiosis is a set of species interactions involving close physical association of participants, and frequently, evidence.

Symbiotic Complexity: Discovery of a fifth Symbiont in the Attine Ant-microbe Symbiosis Authors: Ainslie Little & Cameron Currie Presented by Nikki Donathan.

AP Biology  video video AP Biology Community Ecology.

How Do We Relate?. Relationships Many organisms have developed a close relationship with other organisms of different species. These close relationships.

Ecology Types of ecological interactions M. Saadatian.

SECTION 17.1 COMMUNITY INTERACTIONS. EVOLUTION  Organisms in communities are adapted to live there by natural selection  Natural selection influences.

Differential and Selective Media Prepared BY Ms. c: Abed Al Rahman I

Community Interactions AP Biology AP Biology

Fungi (Chapter 31)

Mutualism & Commensalism Photo of hawk moth potentially pollinating Dianthus from Wikimedia Commons.

Symbiosis Living Together Organisms Within An Ecosystem Organisms within an ecosystem are always in competition for resources. However some species avoid.

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning Chapter 20 Greenhouse Diseases.

Cordia nodosa Live or dead, hollow stem nodes are nest sites for ants.

Population – group of individuals of the same species living in the same area, potentially interacting Community – group of populations of different species.

Chapter 18 – Interaction of Living Things. The Web of Life All living things are connected in a web of life Ecology - the study of the interactions of.

Symbiosis and coevolution in insect- microbe communities Nicole Gerardo Emory University, Department of Biology Nancy Lowe, Ben Parker.

AIM: What are Interactions amongst Living Things

Community interactions

Welcome to Ecology lesson By Preechaya Niamsa Class M4/2 No. 24.

The effects organisms in a community have on one another

Plant Diseases.

The Web of Life: Interactions among living organisms Populations Interactions in Communities.

1.2 The Nature of Classification

OUR Ecological Footprint Chapter 20: Coevolution and Mutualism Yucca and yucca moth.

Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece.

Fungal Symbiosis (Lichens and Mycorrhizae)

How Do Living Things Interact With Each Other?: Community Interactions.

Antibiotic-producing Symbionts in Temperate Formicidae By Ryan Croft with Dr. Elise Kimble, Dr. Allen Childs, Dr. Steve Harbron, and Eric C. Atkinson.

Tomato leaf mold in the midwest Nicholas LeBlanc, Lillian Garber, and Angela Orshinsky Department of Plant Pathology University of Minnesota, Twin Cities.

Cordyceps Cordyceps sp. 1.Eukaryote 2.Nuclei in Cells 3.Multicellular 4.Cell wall 5.Heterotroph 6.Sessile (sort-of) 7.Sexual and Asexual Reproduction.

8.0 Pest Management 8.02 Discuss diseases and viruses.

Key Media and Concepts that a Physician has to Know.

Discussion and Conclusion:

Species Interactions.

How Species Interact with Each Other

Species Interactions Life Science.

Patterns of Evolution & Speciation – Part 1

Chapter 29 Part 2.

Interaction of Species

Patterns of Evolution & Speciation – Part 1

Ecosystems Part 2.

Presentation transcript:

Symbiosis and coevolution in insect- microbe communities Nicole Gerardo Emory University, Department of Biology Nancy Lowe, Ben Parker

(Kolenbrander et al. Micro and Molec Biol Rev 2002)

The nature of parasite specialization in the fungus-growing ant symbiosis Dr. Nicole Gerardo Emory University, Department of Biology Nancy Lowe, Ben Parker

Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars

Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars Symbiosis close, long-term interactions between biological species Coevolution Interactions between species over time lead to adaptations by both species in response to one another

Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars Lower Ants Leaf-Cutter Ants

Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars Coevolution Interactions between species over time lead to adaptations by both species in response to one another

Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars Coevolution Interactions between species over time lead to adaptations by both species in response to one another Escovopsis, a genus of parasitic fungus that attacks the ants’ fungal cultivars

Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars Actinomycete bacteria that produce antibiotics that inhibit Escovopsis Escovopsis, a genus of parasitic fungus that attacks the ants’ fungal cultivars

Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars

Healthy fungus-growing ant garden Garden devastated by Escovopsis

CultivarsAnts Escovopsis spp. specialize on host clades. (Currie et. al 2003 )

Escovopsis Pathogen Phylogeny yellow pink brown pink

Escovopsis Pathogen Phylogeny pink brown

Leaf-Cutter Brown Escovopsis Found only in colonies of leaf cutter ants and their close relatives These ants cultivate fungi in the family lepiotaceae. Apterostigma Brown Escovopsis Found only in colonies of Apterostigma spp. lower ants. These ants cultivate fungi in the family pterulaceae, which is distantly related to the fungi cultivated by leaf cutter ants.

Leaf-Cutter Brown Escovopsis Apterostigma Brown Escovopsis Partially excavated leaf cutter colony Apterostigma colony on a tree branch

pathogen - cultivar interactions cultivar pathogen

pathogen - cultivar interactions cultivar pathogen

pathogen - cultivar interactions cultivar pathogen

Interact… 12 pathogen isolates (6 Leaf cutter & 6 Apterostigma) With… 12 cultivar isolates (6 Leaf cutter & 6 Apterostigma) Total Bioassays: 144 pathogen – cultivar experimental design cultivar pathogen

Inhibition No Attraction Attraction No Inhibition

Inhibition Attraction Inhibition & AttractionNeither cultivar pathogen e1e2e3e4e5e6e1e2e3e4e5e6 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 Leaf Cutter Apterostigma Leaf Cutter

Inhibition Attraction Inhibition & AttractionNeither cultivar e1e2e3e4e5e6e1e2e3e4e5e6 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 Leaf Cutter Apterostigma Leaf Cutter pathogen

Inhibition Attraction Inhibition & AttractionNeither cultivar e1e2e3e4e5e6e1e2e3e4e5e6 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 Leaf Cutter Apterostigma Leaf Cutter pathogen

Inhibition Attraction Inhibition & AttractionNeither cultivar e1e2e3e4e5e6e1e2e3e4e5e6 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 Leaf Cutter Apterostigma Leaf Cutter pathogen

Escovopsis Phylogeny pink brown

Ants & their mutualistic fungal cultivars Actinomycete bacteria that produce antibiotics that inhibit Escovopsis Escovopsis, a genus of parasitic fungus that attacks the ants’ fungal cultivars