More Fiber in your Diet Richard Krock National Conference on Emergency Communications Systems December 12, 2005
REK 12/12/ Issues and Problems of Terrestrial Systems ter·res·tri·al 1. Of or relating to the earth 2. Having a worldly, mundane character or quality. 3. Living or growing on land; not aquatic Antonyms: cosmic, heavenly, otherworldly
REK 12/12/ Disaster Events Hinsdale Fire September 11 Recent Hurricanes
REK 12/12/ Illinois Bell Switching Center Fires 1929 – Downtown Chicago 1946 – River Grove Hinsdale
REK 12/12/ Hinsdale Fire
REK 12/12/ May 7, Logical Interconnection HINS A B D G EF C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7
REK 12/12/ May 7, Physical Interconnection HINS A B D G EF C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7
REK 12/12/ May 8,1988 – Lack of Interconnection A B D G EF C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7
REK 12/12/ September 11 Difficulty in Maintaining Diversity –Utilizing multiple carriers does not assure diversity Importance of wireless communication in an emergency –Radio systems may have interoperability issues – cell phones don’t –Importance of text messaging –Wireless Emergency Response Team (WERT) assisting in search and rescue
REK 12/12/ Hurricanes Everything is eventually terrestrial –Wireless is only wireless from the handset to the cell tower You need Power –Without power, nothing works –Fuel is a key issue You can’t always design for the worst case scenario
REK 12/12/ Lessons Hinsdale –Need for physical diversity September 11 –Difficulty in Maintaining Diversity –Importance of wireless communication in an emergency Hurricanes –Everything is eventually terrestrial –You need Power –You can’t always design for the worst case scenario
REK 12/12/ What to do with Lessons – Learn? NSTAC – Network Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee –Advises the President on Telecommunications Issues –Task Forces Telecommunications and Electrical Power Interdependency Next Generation Networks NRSC – Network Reliability Steering Committee –Recommendations to the industry by the industry NRIC – Network Reliability and Interoperability Council –Identify industry Best Practices
REK 12/12/ NRIC Best Practices Network Reliability and Interoperability Council History & Focus NRC IINRIC IIINRIC IVNRIC VNRIC VI Homeland Security Packet Switching Y2K Interoperability (Telecom Act of ’96) NRIC VII Emergency Services Historic Analogy Systematic Vulnerability Assessment Systematic Vulnerability Assessment
REK 12/12/ Ingredients of a Communications System Hardware Software Environment Payload NetworksPolicy HumanPower C OMMUNICATIONS I NFRASTRUCTURE Other Infrastructures TRANSPORTATION ENERGY FINANCIAL PUBLIC HEALTH LAW ENFORCEMENT Prevention Perspective: Communications Infrastructure Ingredients
REK 12/12/ Best Practices, Standards or Regulations ? Regulations –legal process; technical expertise may be compromised –speed: S L O W t o a d j u s t –posture: mandated behavior Standards –competitive process; influence of strongest competitor wins –speed : M E D I U M t o a d j u s t –posture: ranges from voluntary to mandated Best Practices –expert process; expertise and experience are trump –speed : FAST to adjust –posture: implementation is voluntary
REK 12/12/ NRIC Best Practices Currently over 800 Best Practices –Wireline – 777 –Wireless – new –Satellite – 749 Key characteristics of Best Practices –Do not endorse commercial or specific "pay for" documents, products or services –Address classes of problems –Already implemented –Developed by industry consensus –Sufficient rigor and deliberation
REK 12/12/ Characteristics Of A High Fiber Diet TT he communications network is highly reliable EE verything is eventually terrestrial MM ust keep an eye on diversity TT he industry continues to identify improvements II t keeps you regular – which is better than regulated