University of Oxford Department for Continuing Education From Civilisation To Barbarism? Western Britain in the Early Middle Ages Tutor: Dr Kirsten Jarrett.

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Presentation transcript:

University of Oxford Department for Continuing Education From Civilisation To Barbarism? Western Britain in the Early Middle Ages Tutor: Dr Kirsten Jarrett

Provinces of Later Roman Britain Continuity of Britannia Prima into C6? ‘Britanniae’

To Jupiter Best and Greatest, Lucius Septimius [...] most Perfect of Men, Governor of Britannia Prima and a citizen of the Remi, restored [this]. I O M L SEPT... V P P BR PR REST CIVIS R Date? Cirencester ‘Jupiter column’

Civitates of Later Roman Britannia

Civitas / Provincial war-bands? Hawkes and Dunning Type IB (‘horse-head’) Buckles

Gildas’ kings and kingdoms Constantine: Dumnonia (Devon and / or Cornwall, parts of Dorset) Custennin / Custennyn Gorneu ‘Cornwall’? Vortipor: Demetae (Dyfed) ‘Vortepor’ stone? Aurelius Caninus Gloucester ? Caerwent? (Cynan map Brochfael, king of Powys? Gloucester ? Caerwent?) Cuneglas: Tegeingl / Decangli (Rhos?) Maglocunnus: Venodotia? (Gwynedd – Anglesey?)

Deganwy Castle, Conway, Gwynedd DEB ch. 33. ‘...dragon of the island, Maglocune...’

Din Eirth, Rhos DEB ch. 32: ‘Cuneglasse...thou bear, thou rider and ruler of many, and guider of the chariot which is the receptacle of the bear’ ‘Fort of the Bear?’

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle AD 577 ‘cyningas’ Conmail (Cunomaglos) Gloucester? Condidan Cirencester? Farinmail Bath?

Bokerley Dyke

Wansdyke: East and West Post-Roman ‘royal’ / ‘tribal’ administration Covers large area Probably Anglo-Saxon

Inscriptions and Titles MEMORIA VOTEPORIGIS PROTICTORIS Voteporis the protector [ ‘Vortipor’?] Castell Dwyran, Abernant, Carmarthen ↖ PRINCIPI FILIV[S] AVDETI Principius the son of Audentius Sourton, Devon BONEMIMORI [F]ILLI TRIBVNI In loving memory of the son of Tribunus, Rialton, Corn.

*Teuto-maglos 'prince of the tribe, people‘ *toutorix ‘king of the tribe, people’ > tudyr *Brogo-rix ‘land-king’ > breyr *rigal 'kingly, royal' *tigernos ‘lord’ TIGERNACI DOBAGNI Lllangwarren, Pemb. Men Scryfa, Madron CVNORIX MACVS MAQVI COLINE Cunorix son of Maqui Coline Wroxeter

Regional brooch distribution Type G Ingots