Layer 3 Messaging and Call Procedures Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Layer 3 Messaging and Call Procedures Naren Mohan Naren.mohan@ericsson.com

Agenda Protocol Layers & Signaling Radio Network Procedures Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Agenda Protocol Layers & Signaling Radio Network Procedures Example Call Flows KPI Calculation Triggers

Channels Logical Channels – Defines what information to be transferred Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Channels Logical Channels – Defines what information to be transferred Transport Channels – Defines how data should be transferred. Physical Channels – Carry the data

Protocol Layers L2/MAC L1 L2/RLC L3/RRC UTRAN UE RRC RLC MAC PHY CTRL Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Protocol Layers L2/MAC L1 L2/RLC L3/RRC UTRAN UE RRC RLC MAC PHY Signaling Radio Bearer Logical Channel Transport Channel Physical Channel CTRL USER DATA

Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Layer 3 Signaling The Control Signaling is used for troubleshooting the problems. These messages are carried in the Logical Control Channels such as DCCH, CCCH, BCCH. Radio Resource Control (RRC) Protocol messages contain the necessary control information and the commands – Obtained from TEMS. In the Iub we may be interested in the NBAP and RANAP protocol messages – Obtained from UETR. CC SM CC SM MM GMM MM GMM RRC RRC RANAP RANAP RLC/MAC RLC/MAC SCCP SCCP PHY PHY Sig. Bearer Sig. Bearer UE WRAN MSC/VLR or SGSN

RRC Protocol Functions Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 RRC Protocol Functions Carries most of the Control Signaling between the UE and the UTRAN. Carries all the information required to setup, modify and release lower layer entities. RRC Controls Radio Bearer parameters such as RLC Timers, QoS Transport channel parameters such as the Transport format Combination (TFC) Physical Channel parameters such as Code usage, carrier frequency Radio Resource Supervision

RRC States RRC Connected Mode CELL_PCH CELL_FACH CELL_DCH IDLE MODE Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 RRC States RRC Connected Mode CELL_PCH CELL_FACH IDLE MODE CELL_DCH RRC Connection Establishment RRC Connection Release Radio Bearer Reconfiguration

Layer 3 Procedures RRC Setup and RRC release Measurement Reports Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Layer 3 Procedures RRC Setup and RRC release Measurement Reports Active Set Update Radio Bearer Setup and Reconfiguration Transport Channel Reconfiguration Physical Channel Reconfiguration All Call setup and tear down messages (such as PDP Activation/Deactivation, Alerting/Release etc) - These are Call Control and Session Management messages.

System Information Blocks (BCH) Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 System Information Blocks (BCH) RRC Protocol Schedules the SIBs. The system information blocks are arranged as a tree structure. The Master Info. Block (MIB) contains the reference and scheduling info for the SIBs. UE receives SIBs in Idle or CELL_FACH modes MIB SIB 1 SIB 3 SIB 5 SIB n SIB n.1 SIB n.2 SIB 7 SIB 11 LA/ RA Updating, Paging, idle mode timers CRS Parameters Cell / Common Ch. Configuration Power Control on Common Channels Measurement Management

Measurement Procedures Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Measurement Procedures UE RNC RRC: Measurement Control (BCCH/DCCH) UE Measures the SCs and performs Evaluation for Event Trigger Criteria. RRC: Measurement Report (DCCH) RNC Evaluates based on the measurements and Network Configuration. RRC: Active Set Update (DCCH) Remember !!! – Unlike GSM, the measurement reports event triggered. You can see long times of silence from the UE. These are not to be confused as missing messages.

RRC Connection Establishment Naren Mohan RRC Connection Establishment 2006-05-04 UE RNC Cause Code for connection Request Sent: •Originating Streaming Call • Originating Interactive Call • Originating Background Call • Terminating Conversational Call • Terminating Streaming Call • Terminating Interactive Call • Terminating Background Call • Emergency Call • Registration • Originating High Priority Signalling • Call re-establishment • Terminating High Priority Signalling • Terminating cause unknown RRC: RRC Connection Request (CCCH) RRC: RRC Connection Setup (CCCH) RRC Connection can be rejected to Admission & Congestion Control Features Contains the UE Capability (HS or R99) RRC: RRC Connection Setup Complete (DCCH) Cause codes will indicate the problem if RRC Connection is rejected

RRC Connection Establishment Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 RRC Connection Establishment UE starts timer T=0, counter N=1 UE sends RRC Connection Request UE increments Timer T N T >T300 Y N = N + 1 T=0 Y N > N300 N UE gets RRC Connection Setup Y UE sends RRC Connection Setup Complete Fail. UE goes into idle mode N RRC Procedure Successful Why do we need T300 and N300 N UE gets RRC Connection Reject Y Cause = “Wait’ N Y N = N + 1 T=0 UE sends RRC Connection Request Wait for ‘wait’ seconds

Radio Bearer Setup UE RNC CN Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Radio Bearer Setup UE RNC CN RANAP: Radio Access Bearer Request RRC: Radio Bearer Setup (DCCH) RRC: Radio Bearer Setup Complete (DCCH) RANAP: Radio Access Bearer Response (DCCH) RAB (Radio Access Bearer) is setup between Core and UE. Radio Bearer is setup between UE and UTRAN to support the RAB.

Active Set Update UE RNC Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Active Set Update UE RNC RRC: Measurement Report (e1a, e1b, e1c) (DCCH) RRC: Active Set Update (DCCH) Timeout of 5 s RRC: Active Set Update Complete (DCCH) UTRAN sends Active Set Update to the UE in CELL_DCH mode. The result could be one of the following Radio Link Addition Radio Link Removal Radio Link Replacement (Combined Addition/Removal)

Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Radio Bearer Reconfiguration UE RNC FACH/DCH RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration (DCCH) DCH/FACH RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete (DCCH) RB Reconfiguration occurs for the following scenarios Channel Type Switch i.e., DCH to FACH, FACH to DCH Reconfiguration of the Radio Bearer after RB Setup (such as RLC timer reconfiguration)

Transport Channel Reconfiguration Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Transport Channel Reconfiguration UE RNC RRC: Transport Channel Reconfiguration (DCCH) RRC: Transport Channel Reconfiguration Complete (DCCH) Transport Channel Reconfiguration procedure triggers the Channel Rate Switching. 64K <-> 128K <-> 384K

Physical Channel Reconfiguration Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Physical Channel Reconfiguration UE RNC RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration (DCCH) RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete (DCCH) Physical channel reconfiguration procedure is used to establish, reconfigure and release physical channels. Used to enter Compressed mode before IRAT, HSDPA Cell Change

RRC Connection Release Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 RRC Connection Release UE RNC RRC: RRC Connection Release (DCCH / CCCH) RRC: RRC Connection Release Complete (CCCH) RRC: RRC Connection Abnormal Release (DCCH / CCCH) When the RRC Connection is released, the UE will be in IDLE mode. Radio Bearers will be released. RRC Connection can be released abnormally if

Example Voice Call Flow (MOC) Naren Mohan Example Voice Call Flow (MOC) 2006-05-04 UE RNC RRC: RRC Connection Request (CCCH) RRC: RRC Connection Setup (CCCH) Call Setup Phase KPIs: Call Setup Success Rate Call Setup Time RRC: RRC Connection Setup Complete (DCCH) RRC: Initial Direct Transfer - CM Service Request (DCCH) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer – Auth & Ciph Request (DCCH) RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer - Auth & Ciph Response (DCCH) RRC: Security Mode Command (DCCH) RRC: Security Mode Complete (DCCH) RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer - SETUP (DCCH) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer – CALL PROCEEDING (DCCH) Total Call Time KPIs: Dropped Call RRC: Radio Bearer Setup (DCCH) RRC: Radio Bearer Setup Complete (DCCH) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer – ALERTING (DCCH) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer - CONNECT (DCCH) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer – CONNECT ACK (DCCH) RRC: Measurement Control (DCCH) RRC: Measurement Report (DCCH) RRC Connection is released after the Call Release. RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer - DISCONNECT (DCCH) RRC: Direct Transfer - Release (DCCH) RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer – Release Complete (DCCH)

Example PS R99 Call Flow UE RNC Call Setup Phase KPIs: Naren Mohan Example PS R99 Call Flow 2006-05-04 UE RNC RRC: RRC Connection Request (CCCH) RRC: RRC Connection Setup (CCCH) Call Setup Phase KPIs: Call Setup Success Rate Call Setup Time RRC: RRC Connection Setup Complete (DCCH) RRC: Initial Direct Transfer - CM Service Request (DCCH) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer – Auth & Ciph Request (DCCH) RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer - Auth & Ciph Response (DCCH) RRC: Security Mode Command (DCCH) RRC: Security Mode Complete (DCCH) RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer – SM ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST (DCCH) RRC: Radio Bearer Setup (DCCH) Total Call Time KPIs: Dropped Call RRC: Radio Bearer Setup Complete (DCCH) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer – SM ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT ACCEPT (DCCH) RRC: Transport Channel Reconfiguration (DCCH) Channel Switching RRC: Transport Channel Reconfiguration Complete (DCCH) RRC: Measurement Control (DCCH) RRC: Measurement Report (DCCH) RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer – SM Deactivate PDP Context Request (DCCH) RRC: Direct Transfer – SM Deactivate PDP Context Accept (DCCH) RRC: RRC Connection Release (DCCH)

Example HSDPA Call Flow Naren Mohan Example HSDPA Call Flow 2006-05-04 UE RNC RRC: RRC Connection Request (CCCH) KPI Call Setup Success Rate Call Setup Time RRC: RRC Connection Setup (CCCH) RRC: RRC Connection Setup Complete (DCCH) RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer – SM ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST (DCCH) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer – SM ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT ACCEPT (DCCH) RRC: Measurement Report (e1a) (DCCH) E1A: Radio Link Addition RRC: Active Set Update (DCCH) RRC: Active Set Update Complete (DCCH) Not a HS Cell Change. Here the procedure is to realign the parameters. RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration (DCCH) RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete (DCCH) RRC: Measurement Report (e1d) (DCCH) E1D: Change of Best Server RRC: Active Set Update (DCCH) RRC: Active Set Update Complete (DCCH) HS Cell Change KPI HS Cell Change Success Rate HS Cell Change time RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration (DCCH) RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete (DCCH)

Example IRAT Handover (PS) Naren Mohan Example IRAT Handover (PS) 2006-05-04 UE RNC RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer – SM ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST (DCCH) RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer – SM Alerting (DCCH) RRC: Radio Bearer Setup (DCCH) RRC: Radio Bearer Setup Complete (DCCH) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer – SM ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT ACCEPT (DCCH) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer – Connect (DCCH) RRC: Transport Channel Reconfiguration (DCCH) RRC: Transport Channel Reconfiguration Complete (DCCH) RRC: Measurement Control (DCCH) RRC: Measurement Report (e1b) (DCCH) RRC: Active Set Update (DCCH) RRC: Active Set Update Complete (DCCH) RRC: Transport Channel Reconfiguration (DCCH) RRC: Transport Channel Reconfiguration Complete (DCCH) UE Enters Compressed Mode, Starts measuring in GSM RRC: Measurement Report (e2d) (DCCH) RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration (DCCH) RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete (DCCH) Handover to GSM. UE performs RA update in GSM RRC: Measurement Control (DCCH) Handover to GSM. Handover Complete message in GSM indicates successful Handover RRC: Measurement Report (e3a) (DCCH) RRC: Cell Change Order From UTRAN (DCCH) RRC: Handover From UTRAN (DCCH)

CS IRAT Handover (Core Perspective) Naren Mohan CS IRAT Handover (Core Perspective) 2006-05-04 UE RNC MSC/ MGW BSC RANAP: Relocation Required RRC: Measurement Report (e3a) (DCCH) BSSMAP: Handover Request Timer: T_RELOC_Prep BSSMAP: Handover Request Ack RANAP: Relocation Command RRC: Handover from UTRAN RR: Handover Access RR: Handover Complete RANAP: Iu Release Command RANAP: Iu Release Complete If Relocation is cancelled due to “No resource available” – IRAT is cancelled but call is kept. Relocation timer expires => GSM didn’t respond => IRAT cancelled but call is kept.

Example HSDPA/FACH Iur Handover Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Example HSDPA/FACH Iur Handover UE RNC RRC: Uplink Direct Transfer – SM ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT REQUEST (DCCH) RRC: Downlink Direct Transfer – SM ACTIVATE PDP CONTEXT ACCEPT (DCCH) RRC: Measurement Report (e1a) (DCCH) UE does Channel Type Switch to CELL_FACH RRC: Active Set Update (DCCH) RRC: Active Set Update Complete (DCCH) RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration (DCCH) RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete (DCCH) RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration (DCCH) RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete (DCCH) RRC Establishment Cause Code: “Call Re-Establishment” Or “Directed Signalling Re-establishment” RRC: Cell Update (CCCH) RRC: RRC Connection Release (DCCH) RRC: RRC Connection Request (CCCH) RRC: RRC Connection Setup (CCCH) RRC: RRC Connection Setup Complete (DCCH) RRC: Radio Bearer Setup (DCCH) RRC: Radio Bearer Setup Complete (DCCH)

Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 Some Abnormal Cases

Naren Mohan Abnormal Drop Case 2006-05-04 UETR TEMS LOGS from UE

Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 KPI Definitions

KPI Definition – CS Drop Total Call Duration Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 KPI Definition – CS Drop AMR RRC Connection Request RRC Connection Setup Complete Alerting Disconnect Connect Event = Dropped Call Dedicated Mode To Idle Mode RRC Connection Abnormal Release CS Dropped Call Rate (Long Call) = Effective Calls = Total Call Duration / 90 sec (MHT)

KPI Definition – PS Drop Total Call Duration Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 KPI Definition – PS Drop Packet Call RRC Connection Request RRC Connection Setup Complete Activate PDP Context Accept Session Start (TEMS Internal) Session End/Error (TEMS Internal) Deactivate PDP Context Req/Accept RRC Connection Request /RRC Connection Setup Complete RRC Connection Request /RRC Connection Setup Complete PS Drop Rate (Long Calls) = Effective Calls = Total Call Duration / 60 sec (MHT)

KPI Definition – Call Setup Success Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 KPI Definition – Call Setup Success RRC Connection Request RRC Connection Setup Complete Alerting RRC Connection Reject No Alerting Or Connect RRC Connection Request Exceeds N300 AMR If total time between RRC Connection Request And Connect Exceeds 50 Seconds (setup timeout) = Access Failure RRC Connection Request RRC Connection Setup Complete Activate PDP Context Accept RRC Connection Reject No Activate PDP Context Accept /Session Start RRC Connection Request Exceeds N300 Packet Call If total time between RRC Connection Request And Session Start Exceeds 50 Seconds (setup timeout) = Access Failure

KPI Definition - Throughput Naren Mohan Session Duration 2006-05-04 KPI Definition - Throughput Session Duration Activate PDP Context Accept Session Start (TEMS Internal) Session Start (TEMS Internal) Session End/Error (TEMS Internal) Session End/Error (TEMS Internal) Deactivate PDP Context Req/Accept RRC Connection Request /RRC Connection Setup Complete

KPI Definition - IRAT UMTS To GSM CS Handover UMTS To GSM PS Handover Naren Mohan 2006-05-04 KPI Definition - IRAT GSM UMTS Handover Command Inter System To Utran Handover Access Handover Complete Measurement Report UMTS To GSM CS Handover GSM/GPRS UMTS Cell Change Order from UTRAN Command Routing Area Update Request Routing Area Update Accept Measurement Report UMTS To GSM PS Handover

Naren Mohan 2006-05-04