Notes developed by Jason Long Slides developed by Erin Johnston as an accompaniment to notes Delivered Oct. 17 th, 2011 – UBC Okanagan

 Getting Set Up  Microprocessor vs Microcontroller  The 32-bit Processor  The Clock  Microcontroller Programs ◦ Interrupts  Development Tools 2

3  Order your hardware now! ◦ Order the “MPG Remote MPG Level 1 ARM7 Razor Development Board Completed” ◦ Should come out to $47.25 with GST and no shipping charges ◦ Make sure to create an Engenuics account so orders get matched up with people and schools

4  Start installing your software ◦ IAR may not work properly (should install fine though)  ‘Like’ Engenuics on Facebook!  Bookmark the MPG home page

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6 Microprocessor RAM Video card Disk drives Sound card

7 Microcontroller Timers, Communications hardware, etc

 LPC2142 from NXP Semiconductors  ARM7TDMI processor core ◦ Original iPod ◦ PSP ◦ Nintendo DS ◦ Cell phone 8

 Communicates via 32-bit wide “bus”  Harvard architecture ◦ Single bus for instructions and data  Von Neumann ◦ Separate buses for instruction and data ◦ ARM7TDMI 8-bit data bus: 255 bytes of memory addressed 32-bit data bus: 4GB+ of memory addressed 9

10 Op Code travels on local bus Fetch Data retrieved from memory Decode Logic moves through functions Execute

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12  Maximum clock speed: ◦ Max propagation delay = 1us ◦ Max clock speed = 1/1us = 1MHz  Propagation delay calculated at extremes ◦ Min supply voltage ◦ Max temperature ◦ Poorest conductor quality

13  Crystal oscillator ◦ Expensive, 2 carefully selected capacitors ◦ Precise, no drift over power supply ranges, temperature, etc  Resistor-capacitor (RC) oscillator ◦ Imprecise, depends on temperature, supply voltage, etc Speed example: 20 k ohm resistor, 100 pF capacitor Speed = 1/(RC) = 500kHz

14  Is 60 MHz really that slow? 1 MHz clock 1 Million cycles per second T = 1/f T = 1/1MHz T = 1us per instruction cycle 8 to 10 cycles per evaluation 1us x 10 cycles = 10us 10us for something useful!!

15 C CodeAssemblyMachine

16  Flash Memory ◦ Non-volatile: retained when no power is applied  Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM) ◦ Electrically readable and writeable  One-Time Programmable (OTP) Memory ◦ One shot to program  EPROM ◦ Erased by shining UV light on chips

17 0x0 add R1, R2, R3 0x04 mov 5, R4 0x08 and R4, R3, R4 PC

18  Interrupts take control of the system and force a special function  Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) ◦ Not called by a line of code, initiated by event ◦ Regular program resumes from where it left off

19  Interrupt sources include input pins, on- board peripherals, core  Interrupt enable bit tells processor to activate or ignore the interrupt  Interrupt flag tells when interrupt event has occurred  Global interrupt enable (GIE) disables all interrupts simultaneously

20  Interrupt sources include input pins, on- board peripherals, core  Interrupt enable bit tells processor to activate or ignore the interrupt  Interrupt flag tells when interrupt event has occurred  Global interrupt enable (GIE) disables all interrupts simultaneously

21  IAR development system tools  Integrated development environment (IDE)  Embedded Workbench (EW)