4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt1 Great Plains Technology Center Presents: Hazard Communication Training CFR

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt2 OBJECTIVES Explain HAZCOM terms and concepts Identify the four main chemical labeling systems Use MSDS sheets to complete labels

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt3 OSHA’s Hazard Communication ( ) “The purpose of this section is to ensure that the hazards of all chemicals produced or imported are evaluated, and that information concerning their hazards is transmitted to employers and employees.”

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt4 Written Hazard Communication Program Labels and Other Forms of Warnings. Material Safety Data Sheets. Employee Information and Training. Chemical Inventory Listings. Methods to Provide Information to Employees and Contractors.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt5 Basic Human Errors Improper mixing Improper handling Lack of proper precautions Unaware of a potential hazard Improper procedures

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt6 Hazardous Identification Any chemical that has at least 1% of a known hazardous substance, must be classified as a hazardous material. Any chemical that contains.1% of a known carcinogen is considered hazardous and must be clearly labeled.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt7 Chemical Inventory List (CIL) Every Hazardous Chemical Must Have An MSDS Before It Can Be Used…. …...And They Must Be Placed On A Chemical Inventory List.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt8 Who Must Furnish an MSDS? Manufacturers Distributors Suppliers

M.S.D.S. Standard Content Section I.General information. Section II. Hazardous Ingredients Section III. Physical attributes. Section IV.Fire and Explosion Section V.Reactivity Data

M.S.D.S. Standard Content Section VI. Specific Hazards Section VII. Health Hazards Section VIII. First Aid Section IX. Special handling/ environmental concerns Section X. Spill Leak and Disposal Section XI. Special Precautions

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt11 IMPORTANT TERMS ACUTE: Effects usually occur rapidly as a result of short-term exposures and are of short duration. CHRONIC: Effects generally occur as a result of long-term exposure and are of long duration. REMOTE: Effects occur in internal organs caused by absorbed chemicals. LOCAL: Effects where visible irritation occurs at the site of contact. P.E.L.: Permissible Exposure Limit

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt12 IMPORTANT TERMS CARCINOGEN: capable of causing cancer. MUTAGEN: Capable of causing change in human DNA. TERATOGEN: Causes defects in embryos. TOXIC: A relatively small amount of this chemical can cause illness or death.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt13 IMPORTANT TERMS STABLE: Chemical remains unchanged under normal circumstances. REACTIVITY: A substance’s tendency to undergo chemical reaction either by itself or with other materials with the release of energy. INCOMPATIBLE: Direct contact between incompatible chemicals causes dangerous reactions. WATER REACTIVE: Reacts with water to release a gas that is flammable or unhealthy.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt14 IMPORTANT TERMS FLASHPOINT: The temperature at which a liquid or solid gives off enough vapor in air to form a flammable mixture. The lower the flashpoint, the more flammable the material. COMBUSTIBLE: Capable of being ignited. – Liquid with flashpoint between 100 and 200 degrees F. FLAMMABLE: A liquid chemical having a flashpoint of under 100 degrees F.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt15 IMPORTANT TERMS Boiling Point: The temperature at which a liquid changes its phase to a vapor or gas, where vapor pressure of the liquid equals atmospheric pressure. Significant property for evaluating the flammability of a liquid, as flash point and boiling point are directly related. A liquid with a low flash point will also have a low boiling point, which translates into a large amount of vapors being given off.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt16 IMPORTANT TERMS Melting Point: Temperature at which a solid changes its phase to a liquid. This temperature is also the freezing point depending on the direction of the change. For mixtures, a melting point range may be given. This is a significant property in evaluating the hazards of a material, as well as the integrity of a container (e.g., frozen material may cause its container to fail).

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt17 IMPORTANT TERMS SOLUBILITY: Amount of a material that will dissolve in water at ambient temp. SPECIFIC GRAVITY: Weight of a liquid in relation to water (H 2 0=1). If it has a specific gravity greater than 1, it is heavier than water. If it is lower than 1 it floats to the top. VAPOR DENSITY: Weight of a gas compared to air. Air = 1. Any gas with a VD of less than 1 is lighter and rises. Any gas with a VD of greater than 1 is heavier and will pool in low lying areas.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt18 IMPORTANT TERMS Volatility: The ease with which a liquid or solid can pass into the vapor state. The higher a material’s volatility, the greater its rate of evaporation. This is a significant property in that volatile materials will readily disperse and increase the hazard area.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt19 Toxicology: The study of poisons

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt20 Toxicological Studies Dose- Response Threshold Concept Lethal Dose Lethal Concentration

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt21 Concentration or Dose Usually, but not always, the speed and magnitude of the material’s action is in direct proportion to the dose. Remember - dose makes the poison! Rate of absorption is affected by the rate of exposure. Rate of detoxification is possible only if rate of absorption is less than the rate the body can destroy or neutralize, eliminate or excrete the toxin.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt22 Remember The lower the reported concentration, the more toxic the material.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt23 Body PartRelative Absorption Rate Forearm1.0 Palm of Hand1.3 Ball of Foot1.6 Skin of Abdomen2.1 Skin of Scalp3.7 Forehead4.2 Ear Canal Eyes Genitals

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt24 Chemical Routes of Entry to the Body IngestionIngestion-by mouth InjectionInjection-cuts, punctures, etc. Skin AbsorptionSkin Absorption- through the skin. InhalationInhalation - by breathing the fumes.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt25 Hygiene Precautions Routes of entry are vulnerable to infectious diseases. Preventive measures include: –Proper use of PPE. –No eating, drinking or using tobacco products (especially spitting) in the workplace. –Washing hands often.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt26 Alarming but True... Reports of take-home toxin poisoning have been reported in 28 countries and 36 of the States in the U.S. Some of the incidents resulted in life-threatening illnesses. OSHA continues to issue citations for Hazcom at nearly twice the rate of the second nearest violation.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt27 Steps to Prevent “HOME” Poisoning Shower before leaving work. Isolate work clothes and wash them separately. Avoid taking tools, supplies, and small amounts of chemicals into the home.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt28 Physical Hazards: What can get you if toxins don’t… –Fire –Explosion –Radiation –Corrosives –Compressed Fluids –Etc….

Containers Must Be “APPROVED” for the Storage of Hazardous Chemicals. Will contain labels like: NFPA, ANSI, UL, and others.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt30 LABELS All containers of hazardous chemicals must be labeled. The labels must include: –The identity of the hazardous chemical –Appropriate hazard warnings –Must be in English and legible Chemicals that are “consumer” type are excepted IF THEY ARE USED: –Per manufacturer intention / instruction –In normal consumer quantities

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt31 A.N.S.I. Label American National Standards Institute Emphasizes Text Uses Warning Words –Caution –Warning –Danger Uses D.O.T. Symbols

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt32 D.O.T. Label Packages Containing Hazardous Materials Must be Labeled with the Label Corresponding to the Hazard Class of the Material. There are 9 Different Classes used By the DOT. Each Container Must Have Placards on Each Side and Each End.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt33 NFPA 704 Placard System Diamond shaped, color coded, minimum 7-1/2 inches on each side. Mounted at the entrance, on door or gate, to all storage areas or in locations specified by the Fire Department.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt34 N.F.P.A. / HMIS Label Color Coding Uses Numerical Rating Chart Accompanies Labels

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt35 Color Blue = Health Hazards 0 = Normal Material 1 = Slightly Hazardous - causes minor irritation. No permanent damage. 2 = Hazardous on intense or continued exposure causing temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. May give off toxic or highly irritating combustion products or products lacking warning properties.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt36 Color Blue = Health Hazards 3 = Extreme danger - Causes serious injury on short exposure, even if treated. Includes corrosive or absorbable materials and materials giving off highly toxic combustion products. 4 = Deadly on VERY short exposure. Includes materials that penetrate rubber.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt37 Color Red - Fire Hazards 0 = Will Not Burn 1 = Above 200 F (Must be preheated to burn) 2 = Below 200 F (Ignites when moderately heated) 3 = Below 100 F (Ignites at normal temperatures) 4 = Below 73 F (Extremely flammable) Flashpoint

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt38 Color Yellow - Reactivity 0 = Chemically stable in normal conditions 1 = Chemically unstable if heated or mixed with water. 2 = Does not detonate, but violent chemical change in normal conditions/mixed with H = Requires strong initiating source or heat to detonate, or reacts explosively with water. 4 = Will readily detonate in normal conditions.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt39 HMIS Color White - PPE Charted using alphabetical notation. “X” is used whenever the provided notation does not cover the situation and the employee should refer to their supervisor for guidance.

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt40 NFPA Color White - Specific Hazards OX = Oxidizer COR = Corrosive W = Use No Water Alk = Alkali Acid Radiation

- Use No Water Blue - Health Hazard 2 - Hazardous 0 - Normal Material 3 - Extreme Danger 4 - Deadly Red - Fire Hazard 4 - Ignites at below 73 degrees F 3 - Ignites at below 100 degrees F 2 - Ignites at between 100 and 200 degrees F. 1 - Ignites at above 200 degrees F 0 - Will Not Burn Yellow - Reactivity 4 - May Detonate 3 - Shock and Heat May Detonate 2 - Violent Chemical Change 1 - Unstable if Heated 0 - Stable White - Specific Hazard OX - Oxidizer COR - Corrosive - Radiation - Blank if no Specific Hazard COR 1 - Slightly Hazardous

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt42 Chemical Injuries 80% occurred at fixed facilities 20% occurred during transportation 57% were employees of the industrial site 40% resulted from not wearing PPE 64% were transported to the hospital 15% were admitted

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt43 Chemical Injuries 42% involved the respiratory system 13% involved trauma The most common substances involved were: –Volatile organic compounds –Pesticides –Ammonia –Chlorine –Petroleum products –Acids

4/14/2015R-4, File: Hazcom-R4.ppt44 Chemical Safety All chemicals are hazardous to some degree. Know and understand the chemicals you work with and respect their hazards.

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