PHILOSOPHY, ITS MAIN CATEGORIES AND PROBLEMS

PLAN THE MAIN PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHY OUTLOOK, ITS ESSENCE, STRUCTURE ANS SIGNIFICANCE TP HUMAN LIFE HISTORICAL TYPES OF OUTLOOK SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF PHILOSOPHY

PHILOSOPHY (FROM Greek philos, meaning “lover” and sophia, meaning “wisdom”) The great virtue of philosophy is that it teaches not what to think, but how to think. It is the study of meaning, of the principles underlying conduct, thought and knowledge.

REASON Practical reason has to do with acting to realize the goal Theoretical reason – has to do with beliefs

The main branches of philosophy Axiology: the study of value; the investigation of its nature, criteria, and metaphysical status.

Two parts of axiology Ethics: the study of values in human behaviour or the study of moral problems. Æsthetics: the study of value in the arts or the inquiry into feelings, judgments, or standards of beauty and related concepts. Philosophy of art is concerned with judgments of sense, taste, and emotion.

The main branches of philosophy Epistemology (gnosiology): the study of knowledge. In particular, epistemology is the study of the nature, scope, and limits of human knowledge. Ontology or Metaphysics: the study of what is really real. Metaphysics deals with the so-called first principles of the natural order Specifically, ontology seeks to establish the relationships between the categories of the types of existent things.

The main branches of philosophy Dialectics – the study of sources, essence and laws of development Logic – the study of the laws and forms of argument Philosophical anthropology – the study of a man

Ten rules of Philosophy Allow the spirit of wonder to flourish in your breast Doubt everything until the evidence convinces you of its truth Love the truth Divide and Conquer Collect and construct Conjecture and refute Revise and rebuild Seek simplicity Live the truth Live the good

Outlook It is a vision of the world from the only “center-position” of man

Basic components of Outlook Cognitive Value Motivating-active

Basic levels of outlook Vital-practical Theoretical

Historical types of outlook Mythology - syncretism - anthroposociomorphism - animism Religious outlook Philosophy

FUNCTIONS OF PHILOSOPHY Cognitive Methodological Critical Vital-practical

WELL DONE!!!