1 Futurs Loria Rocquencourt Sophia Antipolis Irisa Rhône-Alpes WHO IS CECILL ? A FOCUS ON OPEN SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF OPEN STANDARD CECILL LICENSE AS A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEBATE Luc Grateau INRIA Head of the Intellectual Assets Management & Transfer Office

INRIA 03/31/05 2 /5 CECILL LICENSE AS A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEBATE INTRODUCTION INRIA PRODUCTION PROCESS TRANSFER POLICY : SEVERAL PATHS AND TOOLS DRAWBACKS OF EXISTING OPEN SOURCE LICENSE CECILL LICENSE CECILL V2 CONCLUSION : A NEED FOR AN ACTUAL INTERNATIONAL FRAMEWORK

INRIA 03/31/05 3 /5 INRIA French National Institute for Research in Computer Science and Control Public scientific and technological institute under the dual authority of the Ministry in charge of Research and the Ministry of Industry “Scientific excellence and Technology Transfer” DEFINITION « PROJECT » : AN INRIA RESEARCH TEAM

INRIA 03/31/05 4 /5 2,400 scientists 800 Doctoral candidates 130 Post-docts 200 Expert engineers 685 engineers, technical And administrative … A workforce of 3,200 Including 1,600 paid by INRIA Location & Key figures Jan External research team Research unit LORIA Nancy INRIA Rhône-Alpes Grenoble INRIA Sophia Antipolis IRISA Rennes FUTURS Bordeaux Metz FUTURS Lille Lannion Marseille Lyon Montpellier FUTURS Orsay Saclay Cachan Headquarters Nantes Besançon Strasbourg INRIA Rocquencourt Paris Budget: 123,4 M€

INRIA 03/31/05 5 /5 MORE THAN 30 YEARS OF JOINT RESEARCH 1 Joint Laboratoiry LAFMI : Laboratoire franco-mexicain en informatique 5 Associated teams Uruguay – INCO Universidad de la Republica Chile – Universidad de Chile Brasil – Universidade de Sao Paulo Argentina – Universidad de Buenos Aires Calls for joint projects Brasil (CNPq, FAPESP, FAPERJ, FACEPE) (10 projects) Chile (CONACYT) (8 projects) Argentina (SECYT) Regional Projects 3 projects running, 1 ICTS-SouthAm programme under preparation link INTERNATIONAL POLICY Latine America

INRIA 03/31/05 6 /5 STANDARDIZATION ACTIVITIES INRIA HAS HOSTED THE W3C FOR EUROPE FROM 1995 TO 2002 (now hosted by ERCIM) IPv6 Certification INRIA Research Unit of Rennes is the only European research department entitled to certify IPv6 components html link INRIA RECENT ACHIEVEMENTS : Bidirectional satellite communications The IETF validated the UDLR protocol as a new standard under the RFC 3077 reference.

INRIA 03/31/05 7 /5 STANDARDIZATION ACTIVITIES More secure Internet on mobiles The IETF, the Internet standardization body, has validated a proposal by Francis Dupont, an associate researcher of the ARMOR team, and his colleagues of the Nokia Research Center. The proposal aims at improving the security of communications on the mobile nodes of the network of networksIETFARMOR The IETF validated this new standard under the RFC 3776 reference. Future multimedia services ready to dance to the tune of Flute The IETF, the Internet protocol standardization body, has just declared Flute, a very large scale file distribution application, to be mature (the specifications are available under the reference RFC3926 ). Flute was developed by the PLANETE team and Nokia, Digital Fountain and TeliaSonera.IETFPLANETE A standard for wireless networks The OLSR routing protocol (Optimized Link State Routing) for wireless networks developed by the HIPERCOM team was just recommended as an experimental standard by the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). This protocol is the result of six years of work.OLSR HIPERCOM

INRIA 03/31/05 8 /5 STANDARDIZATION ACTIVITIES The etiquette of tags The ISO just adopted the Star (Slotted Terminating Adaptive Round) protocol as a standard for reading electronic tags. This protocol was developed by the POPS team in partnership with the Lifl and'Ircica POPSLiflIrcica © INRIA / photo J. Wallace

INRIA 03/31/05 9 /5 INRIA as consortia founding partner KNOW-HOW IN CONSORTIUM DESIGN GENERAL ECONOMY OF THE CONSORTIUM GOVERNANCE ISSUES – LICENSING POLICY COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTS INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT AND FINANCING

INRIA 03/31/05 10 /5 SCIENCE INRIA – PRODUCTION CYCLE & IP POLICY SCIENCE USERS NEEDS / BEHAVIOURTECHNOLOGY ROADMAP CUSTOMER IP POLICY AS PART OF KNOWLEDGE DISSEMINATION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER POLICIES MANY PROJECTS, PARTNERS, VALUE SYSTEMS, INTERESTS SEVERAL TRANSFER MODELS & PATHS A WIDE RANGE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY TOOLS TO COPE WITH THIS ENVIRONMENT – SOFTWARE LICENSES AS TOOLS TO FULFILL DEVELOPMENT AND DISTRIBUTION INTENTS ICST CUSTOMER BUILD KNOWLEDGE DETERMINE FEASIBILITY TEST PRACTICALITY PROVE PROFITABILITY COMMERCIA- LISE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY « SOLUTION » SERVICE / PROCESS / PRODUCT SOFTWARE PAPERS NON PROFITBREAK EVENFAIR RETURN STANDARDS SPECIFICATIONSIMPLEMENTATIONSINDUSTRIALIZATION

INRIA 03/31/05 11 /5 CeCILL Ce(a)C(nrs)I(nria)L(ogiciel) L(ibre) FREE SOFTWARE IS IMPORTANT IN THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY AS IT FITS A SET OF NEEDS AND ITS CULTURE OF SHARING CONTRIBUTIONS THE DISTRIBUTION OF A SOFTWARE PROTOTYPE TO A COMMUNITY UNDER A FREE SOFTWARE LICENSE IS ADAPTED TO POOL ITS DEVELOPMENT BY ALLOWING THE ANALYSIS OF THE SOURCE CODE, CORRECT ITS BUGS, MODIFY OR IMPROVE IT AND WIDELY DISTRIBUTE AND USE IT. US BASED LICENSES LEGAL DRAWBACKS FOR A EUROPEAN ADMINISTRATIVE BODY : 1)ITS REFERS TO US TERMINOLOGY AND LEGAL NOTIONS (MISFIT BETWEEN RIGHTS CATEGORIES i.e “DISTRIBUTION”) 2)IT CONTAINS A LIABILITY EXONERATION CLAUSE 3)UNCLEAR CONTAMINATION PERIMETER AND PATENT CLAUSES (i.e GPL)

INRIA 03/31/05 12 /5 CeCILL Ce(a)C(nrs)I(nria)L(ogiciel) L(ibre) AUTHORS OBJECTIVES : PROVIDING INTERNATIONAL STANDARD LICENSE OF GNU GPL TYPE BUT BACKED BY IDENTIFIED LAW (FRENCH) FOR OFFERING LEGAL SECURITY TO CONTRACTING PARTIES GRANTING IPR EXPLICITLY WITH WELL DEFINED COPYLEFT PERIMETER (DYNAMIC LINK) CONFORMITY TO FRENCH AND EUROPEAN LAW (i.e. LIABILITY, moral right of the author) IMPROVE LEGAL SAFETY BY USING EU TERMINOLOGY CLARIFY THE FREE SOFTWARE / PATENT RELATIONSHIP : CECILL PROVIDES A FREE LICENSE TO THE LICENSEE OF THE PATENTS OWNED BY THE LICENSOR WHICH ARE RELATED TO THE FUNCTIONALITIES OF THE SOFTWARE LICENSED UNDER CECILL

INRIA 03/31/05 13 /5 CeCILL Ce(a)C(nrs)I(nria)L(ogiciel) L(ibre) A COMMITMENT OF THE AUTHORS (CEA, CNRS, INRIA) TO PROVIDE A COHERENT SET OF LICENSES, CONFORM TO EUROPEAN LAWS THAT ALLOW TO COPE WITH ACTUAL COLLABORATIVE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT ISSUES AND OPEN STANDARD IMPLEMENTATION. CREATION OF A COMMUNITY TO REFINE AND IMPROVE THIS LIMITED SET OF LICENSES (CECILL BEING THE FIRST IMPLEMENTATION OF THAT SET) SUPPORT AND FINANCE AN INFORMATION SERVICE & FAQ: & PROVIDE LEGAL AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT &

INRIA 03/31/05 14 /5 CeCILL V2 is to be released Ce(a)C(nrs)I(nria)L(ogiciel) L(ibre) AUTHORS OBJECTIVES : TAKING INTO ACCOUNT OBJECTIONS RAISED BY THE DEVELOPERS IMPROVING INTERNATIONAL FEATURE OF THE LICENSE BY PROVIDING AN ENGLISH VERSION THAT IS DEEMED AUTHENTIC AS THE FRENCH VERSION – SPANISH / PORTUGUESE TRANSLATIONS ? CLARIFICATION OF THE CONTAMINATION PERIMETER (NOTION OF EXTERNAL MODULE) MINOR MODIFICATIONS OF LIABILITY AND PATENT CLAUSE. THIS IS A GUARANTEE OF INTERNATIONALISM AND CONFIDENCE

INRIA 03/31/05 15 /5 CONCLUSION A NEED TO CLEAR UP THE OPEN SOURCE LICENSE JUNGLE PUBLIC SECTOR IS A IMPORTANT GROWTH DRIVER OF THE FREE SOFTWARE AND OPEN STANDARD BASED INDUSTRIES PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION NEEDS CONFIDENCE AND SHOULD DISTRIBUTE OR CONTRACT UNDER VALID (INTER) NATIONAL / EU LEGAL FRAMEWORK APPROPRIATE INTERNATIONAL REGULATION AUTHORITY / LICENSE SHOULD BE CONSIDERED AS STRATEGIC ISSUES FOR OPEN STANDARD DEVELOPMENT A LEVEL OF MATURITY OF THE INDUSTRY WHICH CLAIMS NOW FOR “DE JURE” INTERNATIONAL STANDARD LICENSE VS “DE FACTO” (NATIONAL) STANDARDS THE ISSUE SHOULD BE ADDED TO THE EC AND/OR WIPO AGENDAS

INRIA 03/31/05 16 /5 CECILL COULD BE CONSIDERED AS A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEBATE AND FULFIL OUR NEEDS WHILE WAITING FOR WIPO – OPEN SOURCE LICENSES OR GUIDELINES THANK YOU Bibliography : Open Source Licensing of Software developed by the European Commission (applied to the CIRCA case) :