Fire Protection Solutions for Transformers „TrafoProtect“ by Minimax Fire Sprinkler International 2014 Name: Andreas Teckenburg London, 20. May 2014 8 von 36

Agenda Initial Situation Goal setting Trials Fire Extinguishing Concept TrafoProtect 9 von 36

1) Initial Situation „The risk“ Protective goals: Avoid damage to persons Reduce damage to environment Reduce business interruptions Protect material asset Avoid loss of image Obtain jobs Malfunction mechanisms of transformers: Mechanical load by forces of electrical shortage in windings Electrical load by transient excess voltage Mechanical defects of the load level switch Defect of a conduct Thermical or electrical aging of the isolators 10 von 36

1) Initial Situation Different Guidelines/ Rules US Approach: NFPA 15 Water Spray fixed systems for fire Protection NFPA 11 Low-, medium- and high Expansion foam system FM 4-1N Fixed water spray systems for fire protection FM 5-04 Transformers European Approach: VdS 2109 VdS-Richtlinien für Sprühwasser-Löschanlagen, Planung und Einbau TS 14816 European technical Specification, Fixed fire fighting systems - Water spray systems - Design, installation and maintenance 10 von 36

1) Initial Situation Different design parameters national / international VdS 2109 (12.4): Water application: 15 - 30 mm/min Operating time: 5 min (Step-in-time of the fire department) NFPA 15 (7.4.4): Water application transformer and accessories: 10,2 mm/min „Endangered terrain surface“: 6,1 mm/min Operating time: „As long as the exposition stops.“ NFPA 11 Schaumlöschanlagen: Protection of tansformers with medium foam. No designing. FM DS 5-04: In rooms (2.2.1.2.2) with sprinkler at 15 mm/min or FM-approved „Machine protective system“. 12 von 36

Agenda Initial Situation Goal Setting Trials Fire Extinguishing Concept TrafoProtect 9 von 36

2) Goal Setting „The Scope“ „Creation of a protection concept valid and certified internationally which enables the „economically priced“ fire protection of free-standing transforderms with preferably small design parameter.“ Protection of transformers; also for „decentral“ substations (municipial utilities, etc.)  Influence of wind ? If no sufficient water supply (amount, pressure) is existing (existence, new building) Protection of transformers with less extinguishing water. Mostly the transformer is the „water determining“ component in the whole project. Reducing of „contaminated“ extinguishing water. 11 von 36

2) Goal setting Inspection and Certification of the Installation Engineering Course of the procedure: Collocation of information and requirements of the testing centers, but also the operators and insurer (e.g. HDI Gerling) Preparation of a test concept by DMT Set-up DMT / UL Execution of the tests at DMT Creation of the planning and installation instructions 12 von 36

Agenda Initial Situation Goal Setting Trials Fire Extinguishing Concept TrafoProtect 9 von 36

3) Trials Experimental assembly in the fire tunnel at DMT, Dortmund Lateral view Topview T1 und T3 T2 T4 T1 und 3 T2 T4 F3 F2 F1 Size of the „Mock-up“: 2,8 x 2,2 x 2,5 m (W x D x H) Wind direction

3) Trials Experimental assembly in the fire tunnel at DMT, Dortmund

3) Trials Fire tests and results (generic example) Trial goal: Fire suppression Puddle, Stream and spray fire under different conditions Nozzles installed on one side only in the trial; safety factor Nozzle pressure and water quantity were lower in the trials than in the specific design rule

3) Trials Impressions of the fire tests

Agenda Initial Situation Goal Setting Trials Fire Extinguishing Concept TrafoProtect 9 von 36

4) Fire Extinguishing Concept TrafoProtect The Minimax Protection Concept Transformer is regarded as „lost“ in case of fire Fire suppression / Fire control; no extinguishing necessary No „special“ components; e.g. high- pressure water fog = stainless steel, filter, „special fittings“ Certificates without size restriction, testing under „influence of wind“ !! International: UL Verification Deutschland: DMT Eignungsbestätigung Water application with safety factor is lower than according to the guideline

4) Fire Extinguishing Concept TrafoProtect Approval and Certification Components are all UL listed Trial results accepted by UL and DMT Specific planning and installation instructions checked an accepted by UL und DMT

Thank you for your attention! Andreas Teckenburg Division Energy