IPv6 Routing IPv6 Workshop Manchester September 2013 Kateel Vijayananda kvijayan@cisco.com Wim Verrydt wverrydt@cisco.com 1

Overview OSPFv3 IS-IS MP-BGP Agenda

Each IPv4 Routing Protocol has an IPv6 Equivalent RIPv2 RIPng OSPFv2 OSPFv3 IS-IS IS-IS for IPv6 EIGRP EIGRP for IPv6 BGP MP-BGP

Overview OSPFv3 IS-IS MP-BGP Agenda

OSPFv3 vs OSPFv2 – Similarities are… Defined in RFC 5340 – OSPF for IPv6 Runs directly over IPv6 (Extension Header 89) Neighbor discovery and adjacency formation mechanisms are identical All OSPF Routers FF02::5, All OSPF DRs FF02::6 LSA flooding and aging mechanisms are identical Same interface types P2P, P2MP, Broadcast, NBMA, Virtual Independent process from OSPFv2

OSPFv3 vs OSPFv2 – Differences are… Removal of Addressing Semantics Per Link Processing Instance ID LS Type in LSA Header is 16 bits in IPv6 (8 bits in IPv4) Explicit Flooding Scopes Explicit Unknown LSA Handling Adjacency formed over the Link-local address Authentication changes

OSPFv3 vs OSPFv2 – Differences are… New Link-LSA LSA 8 Announces IPv6 LLA to routers on the link Announces IPv6 prefixes associated with the link Generated for every link with 2 or more routers New Intra-Area-Prefix LSA LSA 9 Associates list of IPv6 Prefixes with network or router

OSPFv3 – Flooding Scope Each LSA now contains two bits indicating the flooding scope AS scope, LSA is flooded throughout the AS Area scope, LSA is flooded only within an area Link-local scope, LSA is flooded only on the local link Indicated by “S bit” is LSA Link State Type Field S2 S1 Flooding Scope Link-Local 1 Area AS (Routing Domain) Reserved © 2009, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID.scr

OSPFv3 – Flooding Scope – Cntd. These changes also impact the names of the LSAs Type 3 (Summary LSA) = the Inter-area-prefix- LSA Type 4 (Autonomous System Border LSA) = the Inter-area-router-LSA Other new LSAs have been added (Link-LSA, Intra- area-prefix-LSA)

OSPFv3 LSA Types LS Type Name 0x2001 Router LSA 0x2002 Network LSA Inter-Area Prefix LSA 0x2004 Inter-Area Router LSA 0x4005 AS-External LSA 0x2006 Group Membership LSA 0x2007 Type-7 LSA 0x0008 Link LSA 0x2009 Intra-Area Prefix LSA

Configuring OSPFv3 OSPFv3 process 2 on a LAN router with a Router-ID Includes loopback, LAN and backbone interface ! ipv6 unicast-routing ipv6 router ospfv3 2 router-id 10.<x>.0.1 interface Loopback0 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:<x>:<x>::1/128 ipv6 ospf 2 area <x> interface Vlan <100+x> ipv6 address 2001:DB8:<x>:CAFE::/64 eui-64 interface <backbone interface> ipv6 address 2001:DB8:<x>:102::<x>/127

OSPFv3 – Show Example Router2#sh ipv6 route IPv6 Routing Table - 5 entries Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B – BGP, U - Per-user Static route I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2 OI 2001:410:FFFF:1::/64 [110/2] via FE80::2D0:FFFF:FE60:DFFF, POS3/0 C 2001:B00:FFFF:1::/64 [0/0] via ::, POS3/0 L 2001:B00:FFFF:1::1/128 [0/0] L FE80::/10 [0/0] via ::, Null0 L FF00::/8 [0/0] Area 1 Router 2 POS 3/0 2001:b00:ffff:1::1/64 2001:b00:ffff:1::2/64 POS 2/0 Router 1 POS 1/1 2001:410:ffff:1::1/64 Area 0 © 2009, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID.scr

Overview OSPFv3 IS-IS MP-BGP Agenda

IS-IS/IPv6 – Protocol Changes RFC 5308 – Routing IPv6 with IS-IS Originally routing only CLNP, then IPv4, now IPv6 Operationally similar to IS-ISv4 A new Network Layer Protocol Identifier (NLPID) is defined Advertise IPv6 prefix payload using 0x8E value New address family added Neighbors listed in the Adjacency table with their LLA Same protocol iteration can route both IPv4 and IPv6 © 2009, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID.scr

IS-IS/IPv6 – New TLVs Two type/length/values added to introduce IPv6 routing IPv6 reachability TLV (0xEC) IPv6 routing prefix, metric information and some option bits. Equivalent to IP Internal/external reachability TLVs (RFC 1195) IPv6 interface address TLV (0xE8) Contains 128-bit address Hello PDUs contain the link-local address (FE80::/10) LSP only contain the non-link-local address

IS-IS/IPv6 – Single versus Multi-Topology Single Topology The IPv4 and IPv6 topologies must match One SPF is run; IPv4 and IPv6 are mixed on the resulting SPT Usually deployed Multi-topology Uses a different address family for IPv6 destinations IPv4 and IPv6 topologies do not need to match Useful for deployment where Dual Stack can not enabled everywhere Multi-Topology_Reachable_IPv6_Prefixes TLV © 2009, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID.scr

IS-IS for IPv6 – Configure Single- and Multi-Topology ! ipv6 unicast-routing router isis net 49.0001.0000.0000.000c.00 interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ipv6 address 2001:DB8::3/64 ipv6 router isis ! ipv6 unicast-routing router isis metric-style wide net 49.0001.0000.0000.000c.00 address-family ipv6 multi-topology exit-address-family interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ipv6 router isis isis ipv6 metric 20 Implementing IS-IS for IPv6 http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios-xml/ios/ipv6/configuration/15-2mt/ip6-is-is.html

Overview OSPFv3 IS-IS MP-BGP Agenda

MP-BGP Basics Path Vector Protocol Peering AS 301 Path Vector Protocol Carries sequence of AS numbers indicating path Ties Autonomous Systems together via Peering (EGP) Multiple address families: IPv4, IPv6, unicast, multicast, VPNv4, VPNv6 Multi-Protocol Extension for IPv6 in RFC 2545

MP-BGP-4 Extensions BGP-4 carries only 3 pieces of information which are truly IPv4 specific: NLRI in the UPDATE message contains an IPv4 prefix NEXT_HOP path attribute in the UPDATE message contains a IPv4 address BGP Identifier in the OPEN message & AGGREGATOR attribute Multi-Protocol Extensions in RFC 4760 (2238, 2858) Enables BGP-4 to carry information of other protocols e.g MPLS, IPv6 Protocol independent NEXT_HOP attribute Protocol independent NLRI attribute New BGP-4 optional and non-transitive attributes: MP_REACH_NLRI MP_UNREACH_NLRI To associate NLP with NH and NLRI => AFI + SAFI

MP-BGP-4 Extensions for IPv6 Address Family Information (AFI) for IPv6 AFI = 2 Sub-AFI = 1 Unicast Sub-AFI = 2 (Multicast for RPF check) Sub-AFI = 3 for both Unicast and Multicast Sub-AFI = 4 Label Sub-AFI = 128 VPN TCP Interaction BGP-4 runs on top of TCP This connection could be setup either over IPv4 or IPv6 Router ID When no IPv4 is configured, an explicit BGP router-id needs to be configured Needed as a BGP Identifier, used as a tie breaker, and is send within the OPEN message

MP-BGP – Configure IPv6 Implementing Multiprotocol BGP for IPv6 ! ipv6 unicast-routing router bgp 65000 no bgp default ipv4-unicast bgp router-id 192.168.99.70 neighbor 2001:DB8:0:CC00::1 remote-as 64600 address-family ipv6 unicast neighbor 2001:DB8:0:CC00::1 activate network 2001:DB8::/32 exit-address-family Implementing Multiprotocol BGP for IPv6 http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios-xml/ios/ipv6/configuration/15-2mt/ip6-mptcl-bgp.html