IPv4 Exhaustion & Implications IPv6 Workshop Manchester September 2013 Kateel Vijayananda Wim Verrydt

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Contribs & updates Bernard Tuy, RENATER Alvaro Vives, Consulintel Laurent Toutain, Telecom B. Bernard Tuy, RENATER Alvaro Vives, Consulintel Bernard Tuy, RENATER Carlos Friaças, FCCN Mukom Akong Tamon, AfriNIC 05/ / / / / / / /2012 This slideset includes mostly slides from AfriNIC. Please also visit

Contents 1. How does address distribution works? 2. IPv4 Address space status 3. IPv4 Exhaustion 4. Implications

 Hierarchical & Regional How does address distribution work?

Source: IPv4 Address space status

Source: Fairness ?

Source: IPv4 Regional Allocations

Source: IPv4 Exhaustion - What’s left?

IPv4 Exhaustion – When? 4/16/2015Routing Protocols10 Source:

RIPE/NCC Service Region Exhaustion Sep 14

 Yes! There is a «running out fairly» policy in place, in order to preserve the last IPv4 address blocks in the region.  On the 3 RIRs which haven’t still «exhausted» the assignment policy is still based on documented/proved needs.  In the remaining two regions, the «running out fairly» policy is already active! No more than 1024 new IPv4 addresses per member/ISP. Have we really ran out?

RIR Allocation Policies AfriNIC: * APNIC: * ARIN: * LACNIC: * RIPE-NCC: * *describes policies for the allocation and assignment of globally unique IPv6 address space

RIR Allocation Statistics  AfriNIC:   APNIC:   ARIN:   LACNIC:   RIPE-NCC: 

 A new ISP/company (in the RIPE/NCC service region) cannot get more than 1024 IPv4 addresses from the RIR  Clearly not enough if you are planning a network for a reasonable amount of customers.  The alternative is to find someone who is able to «transfer» address blocks  For a reasonable price…  Lack of offer may be a problem.  Anyway, for continued growth on the public Internet, IPv6 is the only solution Implications

Implications: Cost

Implications: Black Markets Black markets have well-known negative consequences

Implications: Again, cost! IPv4 network IPv6

Implications: How to deal? IPv4 ? ? IPv4 preservation with NAPT IPv6 Deployment

 IPv4 is «exhausted» in Europe and Asia/Pacific  Implications: «Cost» is the keyword  IPv6 is unavoidable Conclusions

Questions