COSC 541 Data and Computer Communications IPV6 OVERVIEW Professor:Mort Anvari Student: Fuqiang Chen Student ID: Date:Mar

Definition IP version 6 (IPv6) is a new version of the Internet Protocol, designed as a successor to the current IP version 4 (IPv4). – Next generation (IPng) – Coexistence (IPv6 & IPv4) – Migration (from IPv4 to IPv6) – specifications from Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)IETF

Why IPng? Problem in IPv4 – The recent exponential growth of the Internet and the impending exhaustion of the IPv4 address space – The growth of the Internet and the ability of Internet backbone routers to maintain large routing tables. – The need for simpler configuration.

Why IPng? Problem in IPv4 – The requirement for security at the IP level. – The need for better support for real-time delivery of data—also called quality of service (QoS).

Improvement (1) The most obvious improvement in IPv6 over the IPv4 – IP Addresses are lengthened from 32 bits to 128 bits Additional advantages of IPv6 – Will be seen in Improvement (2)

Transition Criteria The designers of IPv6 in the original “The Recommendation for the IP Next Generation Protocol” specification defined the following transition criteria: – Existing IPv4 hosts can be upgraded at any time, independent of the upgrade of other hosts or routers. – New hosts, using only IPv6, can be added at any time, without dependencies on other hosts or routing infrastructure. – Existing IPv4 hosts, with IPv6 installed, can continue to use their IPv4 addresses and do not need additional addresses – Little preparation is required to either upgrade existing IPv4 nodes to IPv6 or deploy new IPv6 nodes.

IPng Design Expanded Routing and Addressing Capabilities A new type of address called a "anycast address" is defined Header Format Simplification Improved Support for Options Quality-of-Service Capabilities Authentication and Privacy Capabilities

IPng Address Type Unicast – identify a single interface Anycast – identify a set of interfaces such that a packet sent to a anycast address will be delivered to one member of the set Multicast – identify a group of interfaces, such that a packet sent to a multicast address is delivered to all of the interfaces in the group

IPv6 Address Syntax IPv4 addresses are represented in dotted- decimal format For IPv6, the 128-bit address is divided along 16-bit boundaries, and each 16-bit block is converted to a 4-digit hexadecimal number and separated by colons – 21DA:00D3:0000:2F3B:02AA:00FF:FE28:9C5A – 21DA:D3:0:2F3B:2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A

Improvement (2) – IPv6 Feature New header format Large address space Efficient and hierarchical addressing and routing infrastructure Stateless and Stateful Address Configuration Built-in security New protocol for neighboring node interaction Extensibility

Dual IP Layer

IPv6 Implementations Macintosh – No released version of Mac OS 9, Mac OS X or any other version of Mac OS has support for IPv6 Linux – kernels version 2.2 and above ship with an IPv6 implementation built in Solaris – Solaris 8 ships with an IPv6 implementation built in Windows – Microsoft Windows XP includes an IPv6 implementation intended for development use and trial network deployments – an add-on IPv6 implementation for Windows 2000 available for developer use –

For More Information Microsoft’s support for IPv6 – Latest information on IPv6 – Latest information on standards-based IPv6 deployment planning –