1 Intro to Excel Spreadsheets Nancy Clark FSU College of Medicine

2 What are they used for? Financial forecasting Statistical analysis Data collection Data manipulation Summarizing data Communicating data Budgets Research Gradebook Charts Big tables Job aids

3 Spreadsheet Construction Columns (letters) Rows (numbers) Worksheets Cells (E9) Cell Address

4 Mousing Around a Cell Highlight/Select Move Contents Fill Contents Mon Tue

5 Cell Formats Words Numbers # decimal places $ % Days/Dates Formulas Calculations… $ % 5-Mar-02 5-Mar 3/5/2002 STUDENT

6 Formulas =A2+B2+C2 =SUM(A2:AS2) $29.00 $1, Formula Results AutoSum

7 Formulas =Today() Average(range) Count(range) Max(range) IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false) =IF(F3>89,"A",IF(F3>79,"B",IF(F3>69,"C","F"))) Formulas can be Filled Down Insert menu, Function…, Help on this function Column (C2:C80) Row (B2:AK2) Block (A2:G50) =SUM Function Range (A2:AS2)

8 More on Cell Formats Alignment Word wrap Orientation Shrink to fit Font

9 More on Cell Formats Width Height

10 Merging and Splitting Add to Formating Toolbar Highlight cells to merge Click Merge Button Unmerge

11 Copying and Pasting Highlight cells Hit Copy (CTRL-C) Dotted lines Click on target cell Top of area Hit Paste (CTRL-V) Unless still dotted not in Clipboard CTRL to select multiple targets

12 Worksheets Open U:\Nancy Clark\Spreadsheets\Handbase Pt Encounters.xls

13 Sorting Data Entire worksheet of tabular data with headings Data menu, Sort… Small section of worksheet Highlight section Hit sort button

14 Formulas that Reference Other Worksheets =COUNT(Allison!B2:Allison!B100) Allison!B2 -- cell B2 on sheet Allison

15 Copying Worksheets Edit menu Move or copy sheet… 1 2 3

16 Adding and Deleting Sheets To add a sheet Insert menu Worksheet To delete a sheet Edit menu Delete sheet

17 Page Setup (Format) Landscape or Portrait Print to 1 page wide Margins Headers and Footers Print Titles

18 Making Sheets Pretty Do it yourself method Fill Color Font Colors Borders toolbar Autoformat (Format) Conditional Formatting

19 Charts Visual representations of data Select Data Insert menu, Chart…

20 Charts – Step 1

21 Charts – Step 2

22 Charts – Step 3

23 Charts – Step 4

24 Charts – Final

25 Different Scales Score on Survey % Not Installed PDxMD4.768 InfoRetriever4.807 ePocrates4.878 Stedmans4.659 CP Onhand4.4522

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27 Printing Always Print Preview Page Setup Select Print Area Highlight area File, Set Print Area File, Clear Print Area

28 Insert Excel Spreadsheets Copy and Paste Use Insert Microsoft Excel Worksheet button Double click on table or chart Calls up Excel

29 Suggestion for Spreadsheet Summarize your patient data No data? Do the composite. Do a chart of some part of the data Put the data sheet in as well 3 sheets: Data Summary Chart

30 Statistical Analysis Using Excel

31 Descriptive Statistics Distribution frequency distribution Histogram Central tendency Mean Median mode Dispersion Range Standard deviation Variance N Not P (inferential stats)

32 Central Tendency Mean =AVERAGE(b2:b1500) Median =MEDIAN(A2:A7) Mode =MODE(A2:A7) N =COUNT(A2:A1500) =COUNTBLANK(A2:B5)

33 Dispersion Range =MAX(A2:A60)- MIN(A2:A60) Standard deviation =STDEV(A2:A110) Variance =VAR(A2:A110)

34 Distribution Frequency distribution Not easy – use SPSS FREQUENCY(data_array,bins_array) Use help Histogram Bar chart of frequency table

35 Data Tables Field names at top Each row is a record (sample) Sorting whole table By one column By more than one column Sorting individual sections

36 Hands on experience Analyze data in examples.xls

37 Sensitivity, Specificity sensitivity = a / (a+c) specificity = d / (b+d) Patient s with disease Patients without disease Test is positive ab Test is negativ e cd