RDA and Cartographic Materials: Mapping a New Route 1

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INTRODUCTION Hosted by ALCTS The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 3

YOUR PRESENTOR: At Rest…At play… 4

EXPECTATIONS  You: you have experience with AACR2 and with creating some records for maps, etc.  We’re all still in a learning mode when it comes to RDA and its principles  A lengthy learning curve…  At the descriptive level, the changes for cartographic materials are not that huge  I’m not close to being “expert” yet … but I’m trying! Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 5

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ROAD MAP TO THIS PRESENTATION  RDA Section 1 “Recording Attributes of Manifestation and Item”  chapters 1, 2, and 3  RDA Section 2 “Recording Attributes of Work and Expression”  chapters 6 and 7  Appendices B and D Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 7

ROAD MAP…cont’d  Some RDA Background  New Concepts  New Terminology  Changes That Apply to All Materials  Cartographic Materials-Specific Changes Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 8

RDA Background  Why RDA? – focus on digital information  Flexible and Extensible  Support the User (and those of us who support our users)  Four “user tasks”  All about Relationships – Describing Entities  Helps in process to “find”, “identify”, “clarify”, and “understand” Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 9

NEW CONCEPTS 10

NEW CONCEPTS: “Take What You See”  Principle of Representation or “Take What You See”  Simplifies the cataloging process  Impact on abbreviations, inaccuracies  Important in that it allows for data reuse  Streamlines workflows  Helps make our records more internationally useable …remember “take what you see” Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 11

NEW CONCEPTS: “Core” and “Core if”  See RDA Instruction 1.3 “Core Elements”  LC RDA Core Elements for the RDA Test (combination of RDA “Core” and RDA “Core if” elements plus additional elements): and also … RDA Core Elements and FRBR User Tasks Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 12

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LEARNING A NEW LANGUAGE: SOME RDA TERMINOLOGY ACCESS POINT (0.7) ≈ “Heading” CREATOR (RDA glossary) = a person, family, or corporate body responsible for the creation of a work, e.g., a cartographer CARRIER (Chapter 3) = Physical medium for storage of information LCPS = Library of Congress Policy Statements (similar to Library of Congress Rule Interpretations in AACR2; look for the “LCPS” logo or under the “Resources” tab in the RDA Toolkit to access these) …and “Mode of Issuance” (see Instruction 1.1) Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 14

FRBR, FRAD, etc. 15

FRBR, FRAD, etc.: All About Relationships  RDA based on models such as FRBR and FRAD  Entity-relationship models  Relationships between entities, and between it and the user’s tasks  Out of 10 Sections in RDA, 6 devoted to recording relationships Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 16

FRBR GROUP 1 ENTITIES: A Model of Relationships WORKS: “a distinct intellectual or artistic creation” EXPRESSIONS: “the intellectual or artistic realization of a work in the form of…” MANIFESTATIONS: “the physical embodiment of an expression of a work” ITEM: “a single exemplar of a manifestation” *I refer to them as WEMI’s… Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 17

CHANGES TO RECORDS ACROSS ALL FORMATS 18

CHANGES TO RECORDS ACROSS ALL FORMATS…  “RULE of THREE”  ABBREVIATIONS  NEW 33X FIELDS  RELATIONSHIP DESIGNATORS  PUNCTUATION CONVENTIONS Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 19

Rule of Three  Under AACR2, rule 1.1F5 forced us to use “… [et al.]” whenever more than three persons or bodies were responsible; this also carried over into other aspects of descriptive cataloging  Under RDA this constraint is gone in favor of showing all relationships…for example: AACR2:  Bibliographie du department “Urbanisation et socio- systèmes urbains” / comité de redaction, L. Bourgeois … [et al.]. RDA:  Bibliographie du department “Urbanisation et socio- systèmes urbains” / comité de redaction, L. Bourgeois, J.P. Duchemin, E. Le Bris, A. Sinou. Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 20

Rule of Three…mixed responsibility AACR2: Autobiography of Mark Twain. Volume 1 [electronic resource] / Harriet Elinor Smith, editor ; associate editors, Benjamin Griffin... [et al.]. RDA: Autobiography of Mark Twain. Volume 1 / Harriet Elinor Smith, editor ; associate editors, Benjamin Griffin, Victor Fischer, Michael B. Frank, Sharon K. Goetz, Leslie Myrick. Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 21

Rule of Three…where things go (1XX)  Authorized access point: Smith, Harriet Elinor. (7XX)  Added author: Griffin, Benjamin,  Added author: Fischer, Victor.  Added author: Frank, Michael B.  Added author: Goetz, Sharon K.  Added author: Myrick, Leslie Diane. Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 22

Rule of Three…map example AACR2: The Roman Empire around 200 CE / ǂ c compiled by Richard Talbert … [et al.], with assistance from Cary Barber … [et al.]. RDA: The Roman Empire around 200 CE / ǂ c compiled by Richard Talbert, Elizabeth Robinson and Ross Twele, with assistance from Cary Barber, Byron Boots and Brian Turner.  Authorized access point: Talbert, Richard J. A.,  Added author: Robinson, Elizabeth.  Added author: Twele, Ross.  Added author: Barber, Cary.  Added author: Boots, Byron.  Added author: Turner, Brian. 23

Abbreviations 24

Abbreviations: no more “S.l.” and “s.n.” Fewer abbreviations (no more Latin abbreviations) [S.l.] : Orstom...  (AACR2) [Place of publication not identified] : Orstom...  (RDA) [S.l. : s.n., …  (AACR2) [Place of publication not identified] : [publisher not identified], … ↑ (RDA)  See Instruction for when and where to use square brackets, along with the LCPS given with the Instruction Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 25

Abbreviations…cont’d Abbreviations in other contexts  Transcribed elements (see B.4)  Appendix B (see B.7 – B.11 for acceptable abbreviations) ….more on this in a bit Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 26

New 33X fields  Directly related to extensible framework  Gives greater detail than data found in physical description  Controlled vocabulary  Repeatable fields MARC Tag NameRDA Instruction 336 Content Type 6.9 (Core) 337Media Type Carrier Type 3.3 (Core) Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 27

336: Content Type  From:  The source code for this list in field 336 $2 (Source) is rdacontent RDA content term $a MARC codes for RDA terms $b MARC Bibliographic Leader/06 code(s) cartographic dataset crde or f cartographic image crie or f cartographic moving image crme or f cartographic tactile image crte or f cartographic tactile three- dimensional form crne or f cartographic three- dimensional form crfe or f 28

337: MEDIA TYPE  The source code for this list in field 337 $2 (Source) is rdamedia RDA media terms -337 $a MARC codes for RDA terms $b MARC media codes - 007/00 audio ss - sound recording computer cc - electronic resource microform hh - microform microscopic p projected g g - projected graphic m - motion picture stereographic e unmediated n t - text k - non-projected graphic video vv - videorecording other xz - unspecified unspecified zz - unspecified 29

338: CARRIER TYPE  The source code for this list in field 338 $2 (Source) is rdacarrier. RDA carrier terms $a MARC codes for RDA terms $b MARC unmediated carrier codes card no no code flipchart nn no code roll na no code sheet nb no code volume nc no code object nr r - Bibliographic Leader/06 other unmediated carrier nz no code 30

33X Fields: A Way to Remember Each  336 Content Type = “what is it?”  337 Media Type = “how is it stored?”  338 Carrier Type = “where is it stored?” Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 31

336, 337, 338 Field Examples for a Sheet Map 336 cartographic image ǂ b cri ǂ 2 rdacontent 337 unmediated ǂ b c ǂ 2 rdamedia 338 sheet ǂ b nb ǂ 2 rdacarrier Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 32

336, 337, 338 Field Examples for a GIS dataset 336 cartographic dataset ǂ b crd ǂ 2 rdacontent 337 computer ǂ b n ǂ 2 rdamedia 338 online resource ǂ b cr ǂ 2 rdacarrier Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 33

Relationship Designators 34

Relationship Designators… Appendices I, J, K, and L in RDA  Appendix I = Relationships between a resource and persons, families, corp. bodies associated with it  Appendix J = Relationships between WEMIs  Appendix K = Relationships between persons, families, and corp. bodies  Appendix L = Relationships between concepts, objects, events, and places (forthcoming) Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 35

Relationship Designators…concerning cartographic materials Appendix I, see Instructions under I.2, I.3, I.4  I.2.1: “author”, “cartographer” or “designer”  I.2.2: “producer”, “sponsoring body” …and so forth… For example: Raisz, Erwin, ≠d , ≠e cartographer.  Cartographic cataloging community should discuss applications Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 36

Punctuation Conventions 37

Punctuation  Is ISBD punctuation gone? No, but…  Appendix D “Record Syntaxes”  Library community likely will continue using ISBD Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 38

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CHANGES TO RECORDS FOR CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS  255 field, Mathematical Data Elements  300 field, Physical Description Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 40

CHANGES TO RECORDS FOR CARTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS  Focus on changes to mathematical data elements, particularly found in 255 $a  square brackets no longer used  “ca.” and abbreviations changes  Focus on changes to physical description data elements  abbreviations…again  metric symbols, not an abbreviation Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 41

Mathematical Data Elements  Chapter 7 of RDA “Describing Content”  7.25 Recording Scale Statements (255 ≠a)  7.26 Recording Projection Statements (255 ≠b)  7.4 Recording Coordinates (255 ≠c)  “Recording Scale” mirrors Area 3.3 of Chapter 3 in AACR2 except for the use of square brackets; the explicit use of the term “Scale” in the statement; and the use of “ca.” Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 42

Mathematical Data Elements: Conversion to RF form RDA and AACR2 3.3B1→ must provide scale as a representative fraction (RF), e.g., 1:100,000 When not given on the map as an RF, convert by:  changing a verbal statement to RF, e.g., “1 in. = 4 miles”  use a Natural Scale Indicator to measure from a bar/graphic scale on the map (see above) BUT…in RDA we do not supply the data with square brackets Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 43

Mathematical Data Elements: Square Brackets, “approximately” and “Scale” AACR2 Format Scale [ca. 1:10,000] Scale [1:600]. 50 ft. to an in. 3.3B1. Give scale as a RF, if not in that form convert and give in square brackets with “ca.” if computed from a NSI, or only in square brackets if computed from a verbal scale. RDA Format Scale approximately 1:10,000 Scale 1: ft. to an in , instructions for recording scale overall, must give as RF form; instructions for recording horizontal scale. Square brackets are NOT used. 44

Mathematical Data Elements: Abbreviations General instruction in RDA Appendix B: B.4 Transcribed Elements use only those abbreviations found in the sources For transcribed elements, use only those abbreviations found in the sources of information for the element. If supplying generally do not abbreviate words. If supplying all or part of a transcribed element, generally do not abbreviate words. approx. 255 Scale approx. 1:100,000. [“approx.” appears on the map] BUT approximately 255 Scale approximately 1:100,000. B.5.7 Additional Scale Information abbreviations prescribed in B.7 Use abbreviations prescribed in B.7 for terms used as part of additional scale information (see ). Metric symbols are not abbreviations Metric symbols are not abbreviations; such symbols are not followed by a full stop. in.cmkm. 255 Scale 1:253, in. equals 4 miles. 1 cm equals 6.43 km. 45

PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION ELEMENTS 46

Physical Description Elements  Instructions for recording these elements separated between two chapters, 3 and 7  In many cases Instructions for cartographic materials are separated from generic Instructions, definitely helpful! (e.g., 3.5 vs for maps)  Overall the changes from AACR2 to RDA are minor, for instance: AACR2→ 1 map : ≠b col. ; ≠c 62 x 59 cm., folded to 22 x 10 cm. versus RDA→ 1 map : ≠b color ; ≠c 62 x 59 cm, folded to 22 x 10 cm. 47

Physical Description Elements: Abbreviations  “col.” now must be spelled out as “color”  “colored” has a specific meaning; color added after map was created, not during the process  other commonly abbreviated words in AACR2 are no longer abbreviated, e.g., [“diam.” is now “diameter”] Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 48

Physical Description Elements: Chapter 3  Extent (300≠a): separated out for cartographic materials (see Instruction 3.4.2)  Layout (300≠b): cartographic images separated out (see Instruction )  Dimensions (300≠c): remember that metric symbols, e.g., cm, are not abbreviations (see Instruction 3.5.2) Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 49

Physical Description Elements: Chapter 7  In AACR2, 3.5C it is “other physical details” and all aspects are collocated in one location (layout, production method, number of maps in an atlas, colour, medium, material, mounting)  In RDA, Instructions for most of these are in Chapter 3, but the attribute of color is found in Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 50

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MAP RECORD EXAMPLE SAMPLE RDA RECORD FOR A SINGLE MAP ON ONE SIDE OF A SHEET  DESC: = i   007 a ǂ b j ǂ d c ǂ e a ǂ f n ǂ g z ǂ h n  040 UPM ǂ c UPM ǂ e rda  a ǂ b ǂ d W ǂ e W ǂ f N ǂ g N  ǂ b S9  090 G3813.S ǂ b.H3  049 UPMM  Harper, George B.  Sussex County, New Jersey / ǂ c corrected to 1955 by George B. Harper, County Engineer.  255 Scale approximately 1:88,000 ǂ c (W 74°59 ʹ --W 74°17 ʹ /N 41°30 ʹ --N 40°50 ʹ ).  260 Convent Station, N.J. : ǂ b copyright, General Drafting Co., Inc., ǂ c [1955]  map : ǂ b color ; ǂ c 62 x 59 cm, folded to 22 x 10 cm.  336 cartographic image ǂ b cri ǂ 2 rdacontent  337 unmediated ǂ b n ǂ 2 rdamedia  338 sheet ǂ b nb ǂ 2 rdacarrier  500 "All borough streets are improved."  500 Includes a location map and two illustrations.  500 Text, illustrations with captions, and mailing area on verso.  Sussex County (N.J.) ǂ v Maps.  Maps. ‡2 lcgft  General Drafting Company. 52

MAP RECORD EXAMPLE with RDA Instructions indicated DESC: = i 007 a ǂ b j ǂ d c ǂ e a ǂ f n ǂ g z ǂ h n 040 UPM ǂ c UPM ǂ e rda a ǂ b ǂ d W ǂ e W ǂ f N ǂ g N ǂ b S9 090 G3813.S ǂ b.H3 049 UPMMB Harper, George B Sussex County, New Jersey / ǂ c corrected to 1955 by George B. Harper, County Engineer. 255 Scale approximately 1:88,000 ǂ c (W 74°59 ʹ --W 74°17 ʹ /N 41°30 ʹ --N 40°50 ʹ ). 260 Convent Station, N.J. : ǂ b copyright, General Drafting Co., Inc., ǂ c [1955] map : ǂ b color ; ǂ c 62 x 59 cm, folded to 22 x 10 cm.B cartographic image ǂ b cri ǂ 2 rdacontent unmediated ǂ b n ǂ 2 rdamedia sheet ǂ b nb ǂ 2 rdacarrier "All borough streets are improved." 500 Includes a location map and two illustrations.B Text, illustrations with captions, and mailing area on verso Sussex County (N.J.) ǂ v Maps Maps. ‡2 lcgft General Drafting Company. 53

MAP RECORD EXAMPLE II Hereford, Richard Map showing surficial geology and geomorphology of the Palisades Creek Archeological Area, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona / ǂ c by Richard Hereford ; prepared in cooperation with U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Glen Canyon Environmental Studies ǂ i Accompanying text title: ǂ a Description of map units and discussion to accompany Map showing surficial geology and geomorphology of the Palisades Creek Archeological Area, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona 255 Scale 1:2,000 ǂ c (W 111°49 ʹ 15 ʺ --W 111°48 ʹ 40 ʺ /N 36°08 ʹ 45 ʺ --N 36°07 ʹ 45 ʺ ). 260 [Reston, Va.] : ǂ b U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, ǂ c [1993] map ; ǂ c 34 x 78 cm, on sheet 55 x 108 cm, folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm + ǂ e text (20 pages : illustrated ; 28 cm). 336 cartographic image ≠b cri ≠2 rdacontent 337 unmediated ≠b n ≠2 rdamedia 338 sheet ≠2 nb ≠2 rdacarrier Open-file report ; ǂ v Relief shown by contours. 500 "Compiled by Photogrammetry Section, Branch of Astrogeology, Flagstaff, Arizona. Aerial photography of 7 October 1989, approximate scale 1:4,600. Water level at approximately 140m³/s." … Geology ǂ z Arizona ǂ z Palisades Creek Region ǂ v Maps Geomorphology ǂ z Arizona ǂ z Palisades Creek Region ǂ v Maps Geology ǂ z Arizona ǂ z Grand Canyon National Park ǂ v Maps Geomorphology ǂ z Arizona ǂ z Grand Canyon National Park ǂ v Maps Geological maps. ǂ 2 lcgft Thematic maps. ǂ 2 lcgft Glen Canyon Environmental Studies (Program : U.S.) Geological Survey (U.S.) Geological Survey (U.S.). ǂ b Branch of Astrogeology U.S. Geological Survey open-file report ; ǂ v

MAP RECORD EXAMPLE Showing Entities Involved 007 a ǂ b j ǂ d c ǂ e a ǂ f n ǂ g z ǂ h n 040 UPM ǂ c UPM a ǂ b ǂ d E ǂ e E ǂ f N ǂ g N pcc G7521.H ǂ b.A8 → Call number as a whole = Item entity; Class number alone = Work entity ǂ b 049 UPMM Arabian Peninsula, petroleum concessions, oil fields, and installations, Jan : ǂ b concession area ownership including offshore concessions. → Manifestation entity 250 First revised → Manifestation entity 255 Scale approximately 1:5,500,000 ǂ c (E 34°--E 62°/N 32°--N 12°). → Expression entity 260 [Washington, D.C. : ǂ b U.S. Department of State?, ǂ c 1957] map : ǂ b color ; ǂ c 41 x 47 cm. → Manifestation entity except for “color” = Expression 336 cartographic image ‡b cri ‡2 rdacontent → Expression entity 337 unmediated ‡b n ‡2 rdamedia → Manifestation entity 338 sheet ‡b nb ‡2 rdacarrier → Manifestation entity 500 Includes table with an index of "Operating Companies" and their "Controlling Interests," and additional legend for boundaries. → Work entity 500 " (First Revision 2-57)." 500 "SSO /57." Petroleum ǂ z Arabian Peninsula ǂ v Maps. → Subj. hdg. and subdivision = Work; ‡v f/g = Expression Petroleum pipelines ǂ z Arabian Peninsula ǂ v Maps. → same as above Petroleum refineries ǂ z Arabian Peninsula ǂ v Maps. → same as above Petroleum industry and trade ǂ z Arabian Peninsula ǂ v Maps. → same as above Thematic maps. ‡2 lcgft → Expression entity United States. ‡b Dept. of State. → Work entity 55

SUMMARY THOUGHTS  Focus and clarifications regarding RDA  User-focused  Relationship driven  Not too big of a leap from the AACR2 side to the RDA side in terms of resulting records Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 56

ACKNOWLDEGEMENTS  John Attig  Diane Baden, Cindy Hepfer, Yuan Li, Julie Reese and the rest of the “ALCTS crew”  Kate Harcourt and the members of the ALCTS RDA Planning and Training Task Force  …and YOU! Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 57

SUGGESTED ONLINE RESOURCES Introducing RDA: A Guide to the Basics by Chris Oliver. (ALA Editions special reports) Chicago : ALA, ISBN: LC RDA site “Information and Resources in Preparation for RDA”: LC documents for the RDA test: LC testing website: LC test records as examples website: Forthcoming in 2012… RDA and Cartographic Resources by Paige G. Andrew and Mary Lynette Larsgaard 58

Contact Me: Paige Andrew

…QUESTIONS? Hosted by ALCTS, The Association for Library Collections and Technical Services 60