F4- Delivering results-based finance Latin America and the Caribbean Carbon Forum 2014 Bogotá, Colombia, Sept 4 th, 2014 Claudia Barrera, WBG

Results-based finance using the CDM: rationale What is results-based finance -RBF? – Payments on delivery for a desired outcome (e.g. no. of people vaccinated, no. of poor household connected to the grid, tons of GHG emission reductions achieved); Why using results-based finance? – Effectivity of public spending to achieve desired outcomes; – Reaching scale to have transformational impact; – Building sustainable markets and private business and leveraging private sector financing. Why using the CDM to deliver results-based finance? – Payment for achieved GHG ERs one option to deliver RBF; – Relevant if achieving GHG ERs is primary objective; – Existing infrastructure: methodologies, project cycle, issuance capacity, existing project pipeline.

Preparing for the future Capacity building to support market based tools for GHG reduction Partnership for Market Readiness 29 country participants including 13 donor governments WB FacilityFocusPartners Scaling-up carbon finance 7 selling country, 3 buying country and 4 donor participants Support low-income countries to benefit from carbon finance Donor governments aiming to sustain carbon market capacity and test results based finance frameworks

Pilot Auction Facility For Methane and Climate Change Mitigation Methane Finance Study Group An international group of experts convened at the request of the G8 in late 2012 was facilitated by the World Bank’s Carbon Finance Unit. 4

Pilot Auction Facility For Methane and Climate Change Mitigation The Study Group’s Three Main Findings Deliver a Quick-Win: Paying for Methane Emission Reductions as a Climate Finance Pilot Scale-up Methane Mitigation Actions of Multilateral Development Banks Apply Pay-for-Performance to Methane NAMAs

Pilot Auction Facility For Methane and Climate Change Mitigation 1,200 methane abatement projects “at risk of decommissioning” in developing countries, representing 650 MtCO2e in emission reductions between 2015 and 2020 – a potential for a “quick win” for climate by abating this short-lived climate pollutant The projects and the infrastructure to verify their emission reductions are here – the incentive is missing Facility would support these projects by guaranteeing them a floor price for their future emission reductions This would be achieved by auctioning “put options”, i.e., a contract that gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to sell its ERs to the facility at a given (“strike”) price Not a carbon market support facility but a climate finance pilot – if successful this pilot is easy to scale up and expand to other sectors. Facility objectives include but are not limited to: 1.Informing the design of scaled-up pay- for-performance climate finance approaches, including the Green Climate Fund, by piloting an innovative climate finance mechanism that leverages private capital and uses auctions to ensure maximum value- for-money; 2.Initially achieving “quick-win” methane emission reductions that otherwise would be released into the atmosphere due to a lack of other policy or financial incentives; 3.Maximizing the direct engagement and expertise of the private sector; and 4.Testing an innovative contract structure by offering put options to guarantee a minimum carbon price. A “quick-win” proposal 6

Pilot Auction Facility For Methane and Climate Change Mitigation How the Facility Works 7 Project implementers bid to purchase put option contracts from facility Use auction to determine the winning bids Sign put option contracts with winning bidders that permit the contracts to be transferred/sold Should the market price be below the put option strike price contract holders exercise options and facility purchases tCO2e

Pilot Auction Facility For Methane and Climate Change Mitigation  Ensures value for money Bidders with the lowest expected cost to deliver emission reductions will win, allowing the facility to catalyze the greatest number of reductions per dollar allocated  Price discovery Donors do not need to know the precise cost of emission reductions a priori; instead bidders bid based on their projected costs – thus “discovering” the minimum subsidy needed  Tradability If an option holder cannot profitably deliver reductions, it would have an incentive to sell the option to another project owner who can abate methane at the same cost or more cheaply  Maximize Emission Reductions Owing to the tradability of the options the facility maximizes the likelihood of achieving emission reductions as contracts are economically redistributed from failing projects to successful ones  Recycling funds Should the options not be exercised b/c of an increase in carbon market prices, the contributors could recycle the funds to other climate finance projects Attractive features of auctions Attractive features of tradable put options 8 Attractive features of tradable put options and auctions

What is needed for scaling-up RBF? Proof of concept – Pilot facilities of WBG and other organizations. Recognition as a mechanism to deliver climate finance – Bridging the carbon market and climate finance communities; – Results-based finance recognized under GCF. Pilot Auction Facility – Further stakeholder consultations, your feedback and comments are welcome. – Stay tuned for the facilities announcement in September. 9

Gracias! World Bank carbon pricing initiative: Claudia Barrera Climate and Carbon finance Unit