Integrated wastewater/Renewable Energy Projects

Drinking water supply and sanitary services in México Source: “Estadísticas del Agua en México” SEMARNAT, CNA (2010) BrazilUSAGuatemalaMexicoChina % population Drinking water Sanitary service D.FMéxicoPueblaTlaxcalaVeracruz % de población con acceso al servicio Drinking water Sanitary service

Water extraction and use in Mexico* Raw water extraction in Mexico* –Surface:45.1 km 3 –Sub-surface:27.4 km km 3 Water use: –Agricultural –Industrial –Domestic *Surce: CNA, 2010 Agricultural Domestic Industrial Other Surface Ground water Used volume (hm 3 /year)

Domestic and non-domestic wastewater generation and release, 2010 Domestic discharges Wastewater produced7.63km 3 /year (242 m 3 /s) Collected in the sanitary system6.50km 3 /year (206 m 3 /s) Treated2.35km 3 /year (74.4 m 3 /s) Organic charge generated2.06million of tons BOD/year Collected in the sanitary system1.75million of tons BOD/year Removed during treatment0.52million of tons BOD/year Non-domestic discharges (including industrial) Wastewater produced5.77km 3 /year (183 m 3 /s) Collected in the sanitary system0.87km 3 /year (27.7 m 3 /s) Organic charge generated6.74million of tons BOD/year Removed during treatment0.82million of tons BOD/year

Mortality by diarrheic illnesses in children under 5 years old, 2003 and 2004

Capable to generate non selective, highly oxidizing species. Able to degrade organic compounds or mineralize it to CO 2 and water. Some AOPs may use solar radiation as driven force in restoration processes. Solar photocatalysis (SP) is the AOP currently in use for water treatment Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs)

Homogeneous photocatalysis (Fenton and Fenton-like)

Degradación de colorantes Solar photocatalytic detox

Solar photocatalytic disinfection

Conclussions Water decontamination and disinfection is possible using solar driven advanced oxidation processes. Fenton and Fenton like processes demonstrate high efficiency for organic pollutants degradation in short periods of time. Some of these processes are currently on use at industrial application in developed countries. It is interesting assess the feasibility of using experience generate so far for applications in our country.

NSFCONACyT Fundacion MAPFRE European Union OAS EPA P3 Jordana Castillo (UDLAP) Veronica Aurioles (UDLAP) Liliana González (UAEM) Eduardo Velez (CIDETEQ) Gerardo Martínez (UDLAP) Prof. J. Luis Sanchez (UDLAP) Prof. Dion Dionysiu (UC) Prof. Patrick Dunlop (UU) Acknowledgements

Thank you