 Ectotherms (many are more specifically poikilotherms) utilize heat from their surroundings to increase their body temperature and metabolism.  Once body temperature increases metabolism increases and energy needed by the organism is created.  Ectotherm examples: fish, amphibians, insects, reptiles

Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide +Water+ ATP Oxidative Respiration

 Weigh one adult cockroach, place in respiration chamber and attach the CO2 and O2 sensors.  Measure CO2 and O2 at room temperature over 3 minute period. Record 3 readings.  Move respiration chamber to either a warm or cold water bath.  Wait 10 minutes then record the temperature and CO2 and O2 readings. (See page 172)  Make multiple readings over a 30 minute period, every 3-5 minutes.

 Title  Abstract  Introduction  Materials and Methods  Results  Discussion  Literature Cited  Tables and Figures

 Title: Short, but descriptive, one sentence long  Abstract: Reason for performing the experiment, briefly mention methods and results, list implications of results  Introduction: Introduce hypothesis and background information, mention any relevant papers  Materials and Methods: Explain how the hypothesis was tested, detailed account of materials were used to accomplish set goals, NO lists, write in past tense

 Results: Findings of the experiments, don’t discuss implications or opinions in this section, reference tables and figures  Discussion: Implications of results, reference tables and figures, future directions for testing  Literature Cited: Must be in CSE format and organized alphabetically  Tables and Figures: Descriptive title with each axis, column, or row properly labeled, list appropriate units

 The title should be centered and bolded.  The author’s full name should follow the title on a separate line.  Section headings should also be centered, bolded and on a separate line.  Sub-headings should be left justified, and on its own line.  The abstract should not have a heading.  The entire document should be double-spaced.  All text should be 12pt Times New Roman.  All margins should be set to 1”

 Citations: Should be made within the text listing the author’s last name and year of publication Example: Inactivation of a single copy of Tbx1 results in the etiology of the deletion disorder in humans with or without the presence of the chromosome deletion (Johnston, 2005). CSE Format:  Johnston, PC “DiGeorge syndrome presenting as late onset hypocalcaemia in adulthood.” Ulster Med J. 77(3): 201–202.

 Construct a table with minutes elapsed, temperature (°C), CO2 and O2 levels (%).  Calculate mean CO2 and O2 level for each temperature as well as standard deviation.  Calculate average change in O2 (%) per degree Celsius of change in temperature [=total change in O2 level/total change in temperature], perform for CO2

 Construct a line graph of temperature (°C) vs O2 levels (%), perform for CO2  Extra: Perform a student t-test to determine if differences between the ‘cold’ readings and ‘hot’ readings are statistically significant.