Advanced concepts and tools for renewable energy supply of IT Data Centres Philip Inglesant, PhD. 451 Research Sustainable smart cities: from vision to reality October 13th, 2014

Potential of Renewable energy All renewable energy sources provide 3078 times the current global energy needs – Greenpeace 2007

Data Centres are IT factories 3 DATA CENTRES - IT factories Redundancy Control Cooling Electricity consumption

Data Centres are part of the problem... Source: Clicking Green, Greenpeace 2014

Data Centres in Smart Cities Source: Schneider-electric.com Smart cities can reduce: Energy use by 30% Lighting by 30% Building operating costs by 20% Water use by 15% Cut carbon emissions, improve air quality

RenewIT overall objective 6 To develop a simulation tool to evaluate the energy performance of different technical solutions integrating Renewable Energy in Data Centres

“Development of system level technologies and associated services that improve the energy and environmental performance of urban data centers” Data Centres in an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly Internet

Builds on earlier projects

Energy monitoring and optimisation Renewable energy sources for Data Centres in cities Heat reuse at urban neighbourhood level Integration of data centers with smart grid schemes Standardization Validation in real settings Cluster objectives

RenewIT overview 10

RenewIT Tool Web-based planning tool to help data centre owners, operators and design organizations understand the economic, energy and sustainability costs of building a facility which used high proportion of renewables

Energy concepts

Energy flows

Energy efficiency Optimise the scheduling and placement of VMs

Advanced modelling Quantify benefits of possible solutions Model in TRNSYS Meta-models incorporated in the RenewIT tool

Validation in real Data Centres Micro Data Centre testbench 4 Data Centres in southern Europe 4 Data Centres in northern Europe

Metrics and KPIs “The projects DOLFIN, GENIC, RenewIT, DC4Cities, GEYSER, GreenDataNet, All4Green and CoolEmAll will cooperate in order to share experiences on topics common in all these projects. The first common topic identified is metrics to measure Data Centre energy efficiency.”

Metrics to capture... Energy/Power Consumption metrics 1.PUE – Power Usage Effectiveness 2.CER – Cooling Effectiveness Ratio 3.EE – Energy Effectiveness for HVAC cooling mode in a season Data Centre Flexibility 1.APC – Adaptability Power Curve 2.APCren – APC at Renewable Energies 3.DCA – DC Adapt 4.FER – Flexible Energy Rate 5.MER – Managed Energy Rate 6.MFER – Managed Flexible Energy Rate

Metrics to capture... DC Flexibility: Energy being federated 1.FEW – Federated Energy Weight 2.Federated COP 3.Federated RES Renewables Integration: Energy produced locally and renewables usage 1.RenPercent 2.RenEPPercent 3.RenThermPercent 4.RenEPThermPercent 5.TotalEPPercent 6.REF – Renewable Energies Factor (local RES) 7.Grid interaction indicators

Metrics to capture... Energy Recovered: Heat Recovered 1.ReusePercent 2.ERE – Energy Reuse Effectiveness Primary energy savings and CO2 avoided emissions 1.PE savings – Primary energy savings 2.CO2 savings – CO2 avoided emissions Economic savings in energy expenses 1.EES – Energy Expenses Savings Capacity planning & management 1.ITEE – IT Equipment Energy Efficiency

RENEWIT – PROJECT 21 THANK YOU