6.1-6.2 Reaction Types Synthesis, Decomposition and Combustion.

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Reaction Types Synthesis, Decomposition and Combustion

Types of Chemical Reactions There are 6 ways elements and compounds may interact You can predict the products of a reaction if you can identify the reactants you are using General chemical equations (GCE) use letters in the place of the symbols of elements. They help you identify the reaction type

Symbols in GCE A single letter is a metal or non-metal Ex. A, B, X H is for the hydrogen in an acid OH is for hydroxide in a base Two letters Ex. AB, CD represent a compound Example: GCE: HB + XOH  XB + H 2 O Word equation: sulfuric acid + sodium hydroxide  sodium sulfate + water Skeleton equation: H2SO4 (aq) + NaOH (s)  Na2SO4 (aq) + H2O (l) Balanced Equation: H2SO4 (aq) + 2 NaOH (s)  Na2SO4 (aq) + 2 H2O (l)

1. Synthesis Reactions Element + Element  Compound In general A + B  AB Example: Mg (s) + O 2 (g)  MgO (s) S 8 (g) + O 2 (g)  SO 2 (g) H 2 (g) + N 2 (g)  2NH 3 (g)

2. Decomposition Reactions A compound is broken down into two or more elements or simpler compounds Compound  Element + Element In general, AB  A + B Example: 2 HgO (s)  2 Hg (l) + O 2 (g) 2 H 2 O (l)  2 H 2 (g) + O 2 (g)

3.Combustion Reactions A compound or element rapidly reacts with oxygen gas Heat and light are given off Usually involve a hydrocarbon (a compound made up of only hydrogen and carbon) The formula for a hydrocarbon is general C x H y (x and y are subscript numbers) Ex. CH 4 is methane

Combustion A. Complete combustion -plenty of oxygen is available In general, C x H y (g)+ O 2 (g)  CO 2 (g) + H 2 O (l) B. Incomplete combustion -Oxygen is in limited supply In general, C x H y (g)+ O 2 (g)  C(s) + CO (g) + CO 2 (g) + H 2 O (l)

Impact on the Environment Global warming – the combustion of hydrocarbons releases carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas Cleaning oil spills – on land, the oil can be set on fire (combustion) then the contaminated soil is removed for additional treatment

Determine the reaction type 2 Na + Cl 2  2 NaCl Type: CH O 2  CO H 2 O Type: 2NI 3  N I 2 Type:

Predict the Products 1. NH 3  Type:_______ 2. Na + Cl 2  Type:_______ 3. S 8 + O 2  Type:_______ 4. CH 4 + O 2  Type:_______ 5. C 2 H 6 + O 2  Type:_______ deficient plenty

Homework p. 229 #4-10