Introduction to Genetics Heredity….

Gregor Mendel Austrian Monk --Discovered a “pattern” while working in the garden PEAS have “traits” or characteristics --color of flower --color of seed --height of plant

Pea Plant Experiment Purple x White Flower All offspring PURPLE (Parents) P1 ( Kids) F1

Mendel’s Experiment Some TRAITS, such as purple color of the flower, OVERTAKES the other color white. A dominant trait, if present, will “overtake” the other trait and will be expressed. Therefore, PURPLE IS DOMINANT to white.

Pea Plant Experiment …. Part 2 Purple X Purple flower flower ¾ were purple ¼ were white

Mendel’s Experiment, part 2 Some traits will “reappear” ….such as the white color of the pea plant flower. RECESSIVE traits often will “hide” in one generation but then “appear” in another. WHITE FLOWER is RECESSIVE to the PURPLE FLOWER

Mendel’s Experiment OVERVIEW Purple Flower x White Flower All purple flowers Purple flower x Purple Flower ¾ Purple Flowers ¼ White Flowers Generation 1 Generation 2

REALIZATIONS from MENDEL’s experiment *Some traits are “dominant” and others are recessive *The kids must “get information” from the parents -- Genes control a “trait” Alleles are different versions of a gene “P” purple (we will use CAPITAL letters for dominant traits) “p” white (we will use LOWER CASE letters for recessive traits)

Additional Vocabulary Phenotype is the “physical trait description” Purple flower or white flower Genotype is the combination of “alleles or genes” PP or Pp this would represent purple pp this would represent white

Gather information from your parents…. You need to collect some information from your parents and siblings (as well as yourself). Use the next part to help you collect your data….

Traits….

Traits…

Huber’s Family TraitsJeffTerraTy Forelock (widow’s peak) No forelock Dimples (cleft chin)NoYes ThumbStraight PinkyStraightBent Mid-Digit hairYesNo 2 nd ToeShorterLonger Tongue RollingCan roll ??