1 Part B3: Irrigation B3.1 Irrigation techniques.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Micro Sprinkler Groundnut performance. Micro sprinkler in onion.

Advertisements

On-farm Water Management: from efficiency to productivity Theib Oweis Director of Integrated Water & Land Management Program International Center of Agricultural.

Surface Irrigation.

Flood and Runoff estimation methods

No Agriculture without Water Water for secure and viable photo Arthus-Bertrand.

Bongani Ncube, Manuel Magombeyi, Walter Mupangwa, Paiva Manguambe, David Love.

IRRIGATION SYSTEMS AND IRRIGATED LANDS IN TURKEY IRRIGATION SYSTEMS AND IRRIGATED LANDS IN TURKEY PART-1.

How Human Activities Can Prevent Soil Erosion (Conserve Soil)

Distribution Uniformity in Surface Irrigation Systems and Soil Moisture Monitoring Daniel Munk University of California Cooperative Extension.

Sustainable Agriculture contour farming

WATER CONSERVATION PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES. Water conservation “ The conservation treatment meant to reduce or prevent sheet erosion while achieving.

Rainwater Harvesting Methods. What do we need to do with water? Slow it, Spread it, Sink it!

OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Department Hydrology 101 OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering.

By Kudzai F. Ndidzano Limpopo Basin Development Challenge (LBDC)

The Objectives of storm water drainage To prevent erosion in hillside areas (paved roads and terracing are needed) To prevent land-slides To improve the.

SAVE WATER:RAIN WATER HARVESTING WHAT IS RAIN WATER HARVESTING Rainwater harvesting is the accumulating and storing of rainwater for reuse before it.

Acknowledgements for funding to: Murray & Roberts South Africa Rainwater Harvesting Potential for Semi Arid Smallholder Farming PhD Research Presentation.

Environmental Influence on Agriculture Environmental factors are a major influence in determining the type of farming practised on the land in an area.

WATER- “ The Source of Life”  All the water that will ever be is, right now. -National Geographic  Water has become a highly precious resource. There.

IRRIGATION METHODS. IRRIGATION METHODS Contents: Definitions Objective of irrigation methods Choice of irrigation methods Requirements of irrigation.

Hydrology & Water Resources Engineering

Soil Erosion: Causes, Control & Estimation AGME Fundamentals of Agricultural Systems Technology Photos courtesy of NRCS of USDA.

PLANNING PHASE. “ A row crop drip system does not make a farming operation good. On the contrary, one needs to START with a farming operation and then.

1 Part B3: Irrigation B3.1 Fundamentals of Irrigation.

DONE BY  PREETHY.P  MEERA KUMAR {X-O}  STEFFI SAM GOVT.H.S.S.FOR GIRLS,COTTON HILL.

Integrated Rainwater Management Strategies: Hydrology and Hydrological Modeling Birhanu Zemadim, Matthew McCartney, Bharat Sharma and Seleshi Bekele CPWF.

Water Harvesting and Groundwater Recharging in India: Potentials and Pitfalls M. Dinesh Kumar, B. R. Sharma, Ankit Patel and OP Singh IWMI-Tata Water Policy.

Berlin - Thursday, „Transboundary Watermanagement“ July Workshop on.

Arid Zone Hydrology.

Role Of Catchment Drain For Earth Slope Stability

RAINFALL AND RUNOFF IN RELATION TO EROSION Introduction Rainfall & runoff relationships relevant for design of: terraces water harvesting interception.

Towards a Better Design of Micro-Catchment Water Harvesting Schemes.

 The most common definitions are the ratio of yield (Y) to applied water (AW) or the ratio of evapotranspiration (ET) to AW.

PLI Project DI Khan (Pakistan) 3.7. Project for Livelihood Improvement Overall Goal: Socio-Economic status of Disadvantaged communities enhanced. Objectives:

1 In field Rainwater Harvesting for Improved Maize Production (Synthesis Results – Lessons & Challenges) By Mário Chilundo & Paiva Munguambe UEM-FAEF Final.

Chapter 9: Water Resources. Flooding- both natural and human induced. Modern floods are highly destructive because humans have: −Removed water-absorbing.

PREDICTION OF SOIL LOSSES. EMPIRICAL WATER EROSION FORMULAS A= k s 0,75 L 1,5 I 1,5 (Kornev,1937) A= k s 1,49 L 1,6 (Zingg,1940) A= k s 0,8 p I 1,2 (Neal,1938)

Learning objectives: Specific climatic conditions leads to drought Natural hazards occur when events adversely affect people Droughts are responsible for.

Can higher flow rates improve performance of border-check irrigation in the Murray Dairy Region? Mike Morris, Amjed Hussain, Malcolm Gillies.

FURROW IRRIGATION & SUBIRRIGATION P.PRAKASH BTE

SOIL MANAGEMENT AND MOISTURE CONSERVATION

Center Pivot Training Flow Requirements. The easy way QT = DA (not a true equation if Q is in cfs) Q (flow rate) is in cfs (or acre-in/hr) T (time) is.

After successful completion of this Lesson, you have learned to answer: 1.What characteristics of sorghum contribute to its adaptation to dry conditions?

Water Harvesting. Water harvesting measures These are artificial recharge measures that capture rainfall and run-off and store it in the soil profile.

Parameterisation by combination of different levels of process-based model physical complexity John Pomeroy 1, Olga Semenova 2,3, Lyudmila Lebedeva 2,4.

Kristina Schneider Kristi Shaw

Irrigation Requirements Based upon the book Rain Bird Irrigation Design Manual From Chapter 3.

EROSION CONTROL BY LAND MANAGMENT WHAT IS EROSION The detachment and transportation of soil particles from one place to other by running water, wind.

Workshop ’Building healty soils and preventing erosion in Ghana and Belgium’ Sirigu; Ghana Institute of Organic Farming Programme: - Introduction - The.

HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY. Semester:- 5 th Branch:- Civil Engineering.

SEMINAR ON METHODS OF IRRIGATION

Sanitary Engineering Lecture 4

Different types of farming

TRADITIONAL METHODS OF RAINWATER HARVESTING

Promotion and scaling up of rainwater harvesting technologies: Role of Universities P. Nyamugafata and S. Madyiwa University of Zimbabwe.

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Climate Change and Agriculture in New Jersey Christopher C. Obropta, Ph.D., P.E. Extension Specialist in Water.

GA Post-16 National Conference, London, 20 June 2011

An-Najah National University Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department Rainwater Harvesting to Alleviate Water Shortage in Wadi Abu-Nar.

1.2 Typology of spate irrigation systems

IRRIGATION PRINCIPLES

IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT PBT-904

Definition Irrigation is the application of controlled amounts of water to plants at needed intervals. Irrigation helps to grow agricultural crops, maintain.

Infiltration Indexes 1-6-Infiltration-2

Water Harvesting.

Irrigation techniques

Chapter Four RUNOFF When a storm occurs, a portion of rainfall infiltrates into the ground and some portion may evaporate. The rest flows as a thin sheet.

Soil Agriculture Tillage

IRRIGATION SYSTEMS Presented by : ANISHA RAJ BHENGRA

Presentation transcript:

1 Part B3: Irrigation B3.1 Irrigation techniques

2 B3.2Irrigation techniques Topics Surface irrigation –Basin irrigation, border irrigation, furrow irrigation Rainwater harvesting –Bunds, microcatchments, “Modern” irrigation techniques –Spray irrigation, micro irrigation

3 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Flow

4

5 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Inlet arrangements

6

7

8 T f = Time to reach the opposite end of the field (hr) T a = Application time (hr) B3.1.4Fundamentals of irrigation Surface irrigation: The quarter time rule

9 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Basin irrigation

10 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Flow

11 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Basin irrigation

12 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Basin irrigation: Scaling

13 B3.1.4Fundamentals of irrigation Surface irrigation: Basin irrigation: Scaling Stream size (l/s)SandSandy loam Clay loamClay

14 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Basin irrigation: Problems

15 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Basin irrigation: Terracing

16 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Border irrigation

17 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Border irrigation

18 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Border irrigation

19 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Border irrigation: Scaling

20 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Border irrigation: Scaling Soil typeIrrigation depth (mm) Slope (%) Width (m) Length (m) Unit stream (l/s/m) Sand Sand Sand

21 Soil typeHumid areasArid areas Bare soilGood crop cover Bare soilGood crop cover Sand Clay B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Border irrigation: Scaling

22 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Border irrigation: Problems

23 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Border irrigation: Problems

24 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Furrow irrigation

25 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Furrow irrigation

26 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Furrow irrigation

27 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Furrow irrigation

28 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Furrow irrigation

29 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Furrow irrigation: Infiltration

30 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Furrow irrigation: Scaling

31 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Furrow irrigation: Scaling Slope (%) Max stream size (l/s) Average irrigation depth (mm) ClayLoamSand

32 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Furrow irrigation

33 B3.2.1Irrigation techniques Surface irrigation: Furrow irrigation: problems

34 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting The collection and concentration of runoff Sits between rain-fed agriculture and traditional irrigation –Can produce a crop where none is possible with simple rain catchment Usually in arid and semi-arid areas but also suited to semi tropical Rainwater is purer than ground or surface water – salinity

35 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting:

36 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting Production costs Cash crops/income Yields Salinity hazard Reliability Rain fed agriculture Rainwater harvesting Irrigated agriculture

37 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: limitations Climatic fluctuations –Yields cannot be guaranteed Potential up and downstream conflict (but less than “traditional” irrigation Some scientific uncertainty Large schemes difficult to implement

38 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting

39 C = Catchment Ca = Cultivated area ET cr = Crop evapotranspiration P = Design rainfall k = Runoff coefficient  = Efficiency B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Catchment – cultivated area ratio (C:Ca)

40 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Efficiency

41 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Design Rainfall: curve

42 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Design Rainfall: Exceedance table JanFeb.MarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec 10% % % % % % % % % %

43 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Microcatchments Small (thus the name) m 2 Catchment and cropping areas adjacent Crops are usually a single tree/catchment or small annual crop No overflow Small area ratio (1:1 – 10:1) Tend to be in series of units Efficiency

44 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Microcatchments

45 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Microcatchments: Negarims

46 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Microcatchments: Negarims

47 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Microcatchments: Negarims

48 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Microcatchments: Semi circular bunds

49 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Microcatchments: Semi circular bunds

50 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Microcatchments: Semi circular bunds

51 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Microcatchments: Semi circular bunds

52 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Microcatchments: Contour bunds

53 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Microcatchments: Contour bunds

54 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Macrocatchments Big ,000m 2 Used for all types of crops Often includes overflow structures larger area ratio (10:1– 100:1) Efficiency

55 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Macrocatchments Stone bunds

56 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Macrocatchments Stone bunds

57 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Macrocatchments Stone bunds

58 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Macrocatchments: Hillside conduits

59 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Macrocatchments: Hillside conduits

60 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Macrocatchments: Hillside conduits

61 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Macrocatchments: Hillside conduits

62 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Floodwater harvesting Can be diverted to conventional-style irrigation or microcatchments Variable size Ha – km 2 Used for all types of crops Variable area ratio (1:1– 10,000:1)

63 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Floodwater harvesting (water spreading)

64 B3.2.2Irrigation techniques Rainwater harvesting: Floodwater harvesting (water spreading)