NASA NPP OMPS Science Team meeting August 15, 2013 P. K. Bhartia, Zhong Chen, Rob Loughman, Leslie Moy, Steve Taylor

Evaluation of OMPS-LP radiances - stray light - altitude registration PAGE 2 OF 20

Methodology Radiance Simulation Measured OMPS LP data Higher accuracy RTM used for simulation Still has scalar code & other issues Bass & Paur cross-sections ZM MLS O3, temp and GPH profiles OMPS-NP reflectivity NO2 from climatology, No aerosols Measured OMPS LP data Solar irradiances Ungridded UV (290-355 nm) radiances from long/short high gain, center slit images 2012 April 5 zonal means Gridded UV 2012 Sept 14

Topic #1 : Estimation of additive errors (e. g Topic #1 : Estimation of additive errors (e.g., straylight, dark current, air glow) Pre launch values from Ball Aerospace Radiance residuals Ideal gas law approximation**

Ideal Gas Law approximation Technique used In the absence of absorption

_____K/km -34.16 T Red = 65S Green = 5N Blue = 45N Term 1 Term 2 dlnr/dz = dlnP/dz - dlnT/dz -34.16 T _____K/km MLS has 4km vertical resolution We are calculating slopes at 1km …

45N 352nm 65S 5N 352 nm 352 nm Red = RTM dlnI/dz Blue = Measured dlnI/dz Green = -34.17/T + dlnT/dz (first term in summation) 65S 352 nm 5N 352 nm

45N 352nm 65S 5N 352 nm 352 nm Red = RTM dlnI/dz Blue = Measured dlnI/dz 45N 352nm 65S 352 nm 5N 352 nm

352 nm, 60 km Red = RTM dlnI/dz Blue = Measured dlnI/dz 352 nm, 50 km

Gridded Radiances April 14, 2012, 0-10 N 0 to 10N Lat Sept 14, 2012 No PreLaunch StrayLight Correction With Corrections Gridded Radiances April 14, 2012, 0-10 N NO stray light correction With stray light correction density density measured measured Prelaunch stray light correction is ~working Unrealistic RTM curvature at high altitudes probably due to boundary set at 80km RTM RTM

Topic 1: Conclusions to Stray Light analysis No detectable stray light problem at 352nm below 50km RTM error above 70km probably due to boundary set at 80km Ideal gas law estimation is helpful but not a replacement for RTM calculations PAGE 10 OF 20

Topic #2 : Altitude Registration Errors two methods 305 nm radiance residuals - requires accurate radiance/irradiance, requires MLS, not affected by aerosols “knee method” – compares the altitudes where the slope (dlnI/dz) is equal to zero (Janz et al., SPIE 1996) PAGE 11 OF 20

Alt Registration using 305 nm 305 nm not affected by reflectivity No O3 abs Strong sens to TH strong O3 abs weak sens to TH

305 nm result 54.5 km Using SUSIM SI Using OMPS SI Assuming MLS has 300m error, OMPS error is 0±200m

“Knee method” PAGE 14 OF 20

Altitude where slope = 0 shown here at 65deg South 300nm 305nm RTM slope = Red, Meas slope = Blue 315nm 310nm

Altitude where slope = 0 as a function of latitude bands 305nm 300nm 310nm 315nm

TH error as a function of latitude band [300nm, 305nm, 310nm, 315nm] MLS has +300m bias in GPH and Varies by latitude ~200m

Topic 2: Conclusions to Altitude Registration Errors Both methods show a similar orbital dependence minima at poles, peak ~20°N, but the peak is larger using the “knee method” ~500m versus ~300m. PAGE 18 OF 20

Summary There are no show stoppers No significant stray light error below ~50km at 352nm TH errors vary ~500m pole to tropics

Recommendation Keep normalization altitude at 68 km – no advantage to lowering Increase RTM boundary from 80 to 100km Begin study of aerosol using slopes of radiances Work with Rob Loughman in improving the rxfer code Change to vector code, fix other problems

MLS GPH uncertainties Z* 64 km 48 km 32 km 16 km If we use MLS data to estimate TH error we have to consider error in MLS GPH. NCEP/GMAO GPH may be better than MLS below 40 km, but probably not above.

Backup slide ideal gas law: r = P/RT where r is rho (density) take the first derivative with respect to z: dr/dz= (1/RT) * dP/dz - (P/RT^2) * dT/dz substitute dP/P = dlnP, dT/T = dlnT into above equation: dr/dz = (P/RT) * (dlnP/dz) - (P/RT) * (dlnT/dz) Substitude ideal gas law, r=(P/RT), dr/r=dlnr dlnr/dz = dlnP/dz - dlnT/dz ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- R= 8.314 Joules/(mol * K) (where Joule=kg*m^2/sec^2) g=9.81 m/sec^2 (can vary with latitude) molecular mass = 0.02896 kg/mol assuming dry air dlnP/dz = molmass * gravity / R constant = (0.02896 kg/mol) * (9.81 m/sec^2) / (8.314 kg*m^2/sec^2*mol*K) so units cancel and you get dlnP/dz = 0.03417 Kelvin / meter

April 5, 2012 5N dlnI(290nm)/dz, dlnI(352nm)/dz dlnI(290nm)/dz - dlnI(352nm)/dz RTM 290nm Meas 290nm Meas RTM RTM 352nm Meas 352nm In agreement ~52 km