Objectives Identify various types of ships that are used to supply fuel and cargo Identify various types of equipment used during UNREP Describe procedures for conducting a safe UNREP Name various types of replenishment rigs used during fueling and cargo transfer Recognize the different types of standard tensioned replenishment alongside method (STREAM) rigs used Identify procedures for conducting a safe VERTREP Describe the type of equipment used in VERTREP From NROTC,

Introduction UNREP - any method of transferring fuel, ammunition, stores, and personnel from one ship to another

Introduction The primary aim of an UNREP is the safe delivery of the maximum amount of cargo and fuel in the minimum amount of time The operation must be conducted without interfering with the mission of the force Using UNREP procedures, a force can remain at sea and on station indefinitely

Types of Underway Replenishment Connected Replenishment (CONREP) a method of transferring fuel, ammunition, and stores from one ship to another through lines and hoses connecting the two ships.

Types of Underway Replenishment Vertical Replenishment (VERTREP) a method of transferring ammunition and stores from one ship to another by helicopter

Replenishment Ships Single purpose vs. Multi- purpose

Navy vs. Military Sealift Command Replenishment Ships MSC Ships Former naval auxiliaries now manned with civilian or civilian/military crews Identified with a “T” in front of their type classification and are USNS vice USS

Visually identify by blue and gold stripes painted on their stacks for easy recognition

Oilers (AO) Cimarron Class (AO-177) Henry J Kaiser Class (TAO-187) Services Complete range of petroleum products Limited Cargo, Food, Stores Mail

HENRY J. KAISER Class (T-AO 187) 13 underway replenishment oilers operated by Military Sealift Command provide underway replenishment of fuel to U.S. Navy ships at sea and jet fuel for aircraft assigned to ships UNREP stations on both sides of ship 2 diesels, 2 shafts, 20 kts ship’s company = 82 civ/1 O/20 E Helo platform only

Combat Stores Ships (AFS) Mars Class (TAFS-1) Sirius Class (TAFS-8) Services Food (Refrigerated and Frozen) Stores, Cargo Mail

Fast Combat Support Ships (AOE) Sacramento Class (AOE-1) Supply Class (AOE-6) Services Fuel Ammunition Food, Stores, Cargo, Mail 2 CH-46s for VERTREP capability *Largest, fastest, and most powerful auxiliary ship *Deploy with CVBGs

SACRAMENTO Class (AOE-1) High-speed oiler, ammunition and supply ship 4 total (AOE 1-4) U.S. Navy’s largest combat logistics ship speed and armament to keep up with CVBG carries 177,000 barels of oil, 2,150 tons of ammunition, 500 tons of dry stores, and 250 tons of refrigerated stores reduces vulnerability of serviced ships by reducing alongside time 4 gas turbines, 2 shafts, 26 kts ship’s company = 24 O/576 E 2 CH-46 helicopters NATO sea sparrow, two CIWS,

SUPPLY Class (AOE-6) 4 total ships (AOE 6-10) 4 gas turbines, 2 shafts, 25 kts ship’s company = 40 O/627 E 3 CH-46 helicopters NATO sea sparrow, two CIWS, two 25mm

Ammunition Ships (AE) Kilauea Class (TAE-26) Services Ammunition, bombs, missiles Limited dry cargo Helicopters for VERTREP ops

Other UNREP Ships Aircraft Carriers top off escort ships Amphibious Assault Ships Tarawa Class (LHA-1) Wasp Class (LHD-1)

Replenishment Planning 1 week - 4 days prior submit logistics request (RASREQ) requested UNREP date rendezvous point fuel requisition stores requisition

Replenishment Planning 1 week - 4 days prior RASREQ reply name of delivery ship rendezvous location and time (considerations?) breakdown of supplies to be transferred expected replenishment course / speed

Day Prior to Replenishment Conduct UNREP brief ship/station sequence cargo sequence / flow masthead height of UNREP ship replenishment course / speed factors that could affect UNREP - sea state, wind direction, operational considerations emergency procedures safety briefing

Day of Replenishment Rendezvous with UNREP ship Set UNREP detail Safety brief onstation Take station on UNREP ship (as directed)

Personnel Requirements at UNREP stations 1 Safety Officer (white helmet) 1 Rig Captain (yellow helmet) 1 Signalman (green helmet) 2 Phone talkers (green helmets) 1 Gunners Mate (red helmet and vest) 15 line handlers (blue helmets) 4 riggers (blue helmets,goggles, face shields) 1 Corpsman (white helmet w/red cross)

Ready, aim, DUCK! MK87 Mod1 Line Throwing Rifle - propels a buoyant rubber projectile attached to a spool of international orange shotline

Safety Officer Qualify PQS Safety Officer, Underway Replenishment Primary responsibility = prevent unsafe activities on station conduct safety brief to all personnel ensure all personnel are in Kapoks/MK5s and proper battle dress with all watches and jewelry removed Be familiar for procedures with receiving rig

General Safety Life buoy watches stationed Chemlights worn by all personnel at night line handlers use “hand-over-hand” method smoking lamp is OUT throughout the ship while transferring fuel/ammo

UNREP Principles and Procedures Delivery Ship Normally the Control ship Designated guide maintains course and speed Provides the replenishment rig supplies fuel, ammunition or stores to the receiving ship

UNREP Principles and Procedures Receiving Ship Normally the approach ship Maintains station on the delivery ship receives fuel, ammunition, or stores from the supply ship

Replenishment Station 090° or 270°R alongside UNREP ship Replenishment Stations UNREP Ship Lifeguard Station 180°R 1,000yds Waiting Station 500 yds astern

Waiting Station UNREP Ship Waiting Station Starboard yds astern

While In Waiting Station Examine the wake of UNREP ship Your wake should be parallel / keep about 50yd separation between wakes Adjust speed to match UNREP ship Determine lateral separation using Radian Rule

Lateral Separation Requirements while Alongside ft (35-40yds) for most combatants 150ft (50yds) for carriers / less maneuverable ships / inclement weather

UNREP Approach for standard 120 lateral separation UNREP Ship Waiting Station Starboard 500 yds astern *Bearing offset from base course to tangent of side of replenishment ship at a given distance

120 Degress Lateral Separation Table Range to UNREP ship (yards)Degrees difference *If you are 600 yards away on unrep course of 150 degrees true, delivery ship bears 146 degrees true from you.

Radian Rule 500 yds R D 50 yds  50 =  ( )  = 6 degrees to port or 354°R D =  ( ) R 60

UNREP Principles and Procedures Romeo Corpen / Speed: Naval terminology for replenishment course and speed * speed normally knots -never < 8 knots = reduce rudder effect -never > 15 knots = Venturi effect Considerations for selection include sea conditions, wind direction and velocity

Waiting station yards astern Compare gyros/engine rpm Use ROMEO flag signals accordingly

Approach Adjust course and speed to take station 120 feet off to the side of the Control Ship. 120 feet

Alongside Find a "range" on the other vessel in order to gauge relative position fore/aft. Use Distance line to determine range between vessels. Order small course and speed changes to maintain relative position.

Breakaway Increase speed. Order small course changes away until well clear. Never cross the bow of the Control Ship.

USE OF FLAG

USE OF FLAG Approach ship takes station in waiting station yards astern of control ship and waits for further instruction from control ship

Use of the flag ROMEO (Control Ship) ROMEO is placed at the dip on side with the rig. Meaning: I am steady on ROMEO course & speed and preparing to receive you alongside.

Signals While in Waiting Station Control ShipApproach Ship 1. Steady on R Corp/Speed 2. Making preps to receive on starboard side In waiting station

Use of the flag ROMEO (Approach Ship) ROMEO is placed at the dip on side where rig is expected. Meaning: I am ready to come alongside.

Signals While in Waiting Station Control ShipApproach Ship Ready to come alongside as indicated by side of Romeo Flag

Use of the flag ROMEO (Control Ship) ROMEO is closed up. Meaning: I am ready to receive you alongside.

In Waiting Station Control ShipApproach Ship Ready for your approach In waiting station

Use of the flag ROMEO (Approach Ship) ROMEO is closed up. Meaning: I am commencing my approach.

Commencing Approach Control ShipApproach Ship Commencing my approach *Increase speed by knots over signaled UNREP speed Ready for your approach

Coming Alongside Slow to Romeo speed as necessary Switch to RPM engine orders Line up the rigs Line-throwing guns on Delivery ship send over messengers from each station to opposite stations on receiving ship Exception = danger of a/c on deck, receiving ship fires shotlines at delivery ship

Coming Alongside Word passed over the 1MC: Shot-delivering ship = “On the (receiving ship’s name), stand by for shot lines. All hands topside take cover.” One whistle signal from each station on delivery ship Shot-receiving ship = “On the (ship’s name), stand by for shot lines at (stations concerned). All hands topside take cover. Two whistle signals from each station on receiving ship Three whistle signals - delivery ship firing shot

Use of the flag ROMEO (Control Ship & Approach ship) ROMEO is hauled down when the first messenger line is across.

While Alongside Maintain relative position 1-2 rpm speed changes ½° course changes Maintain lateral separation using phone- distance line Be aware of spanwire tension/detension

Phone/Distance Line - Assists the conning officer in monitoring the distance between ships. -350ft long with rectangular colored cloth markings (flags) for 300 feet in the following order: Green = 0’ Red = 20’ Yellow = 40’ Blue = 60’ White = 80’ Green = 100’

Phone/Distance Line Distance Line Provided by Receiving ship Hooked up on Delivery ship at the 0' end Tended by Receiving ship An intertwined sound-powered phone line allows communication between ships.

Phone and Distance Line GRYBWG Control Ship Approach Ship Night Day Double Blue Chemlights at 60, 100, 140, 180 yds