SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006
Presenters Teresa Downey Spear Phishing & Web Security Markers Heather Larrieu Everything Else…
Spear Phishing No dangerous pointy objects involved… No dangerous pointy objects involved… but they ARE hunting YOU! but they ARE hunting YOU!
Spear Phishing – Step by Step 1. A targeted company is researched by scammer 2. s and websites forged – easy to do!! 3. HTML s sent 4. They need you to click on the fake URL 5. There goes your $$$ You cannot see true URL in HTML
Plain Text Can Prevent Scam Scammers don’t want us to use plain text True URL is normally displayed in plain text
Spear Phishing – Last Step Security markers are missing… where is https ? where is lock in border? Just a useless picture of a lock to trick you Faking web sites is very easy! Not a SLAC website!
Secure Website Markers Internet ExplorerFirefox
What’s Behind That Lock? Scammer can just create or buy a certificate Look at URL closely, these are invalid: Might get error:
Avoiding Phishing Scams 1.Read ALL in plain text Convert to HTML with one click if you trust the e- mail 2.Look for valid URL in and browser Does it match where you intended to be? 3.Look for security markers in browser window 4.Stop if you get any Security Alerts 5.Do they REALLY need this information??
Regarding SLAC Websites… SLAC HR wouldn’t ask for bank info via a web page If you are suspicious of web site then call the SLAC Department directly
Everything else… Well, okay at least… scammer’s motivations PIIwireless perils of ordering pizza
Making Money - Method 1 Adware and Spyware Tracking cookies Spam usually touting counterfeit goods Sell Something
Adblock Firefox: Tools -> Adblock -> Preferences IE: Nothing built-in. “Adblock” for IE is actually adware so don’t go get it.
Browser Configuration IE: Tools -> Internet Options Firefox: Tools -> Options
Javascript for Profiling
Making Money - Method 2 Scams, Fraud, Identity Theft Nigerian 419 scams Click-through fraud Steal some Personally Identifiable Information
Personally Identifiable Information What people are doing with stolen PII ? Credit card, Bank, Loan fraud Phone or Utilities fraud Applying for Government documents or benefits Magazine subscription (~0.2 % each year!) Scope of the problem – FTC data ( ) 10 million victims of identity theft in U.S. Victims spend an average of $1,500 and 175 hours to recover Not including losses by vendors, merchants, or financial institutions PII is essentially data that can be used to facilitate identity theft
Making Money - Method 3 Be the “Middleman”
Botnets 1.Herder deploys malware 2. Infected PCs log into an IRC server or other communications medium, forming a network with a central C&C structure 3. Spammer purchases access to botnet 4. Spammer sends instructions to the botnet 5. The infected PCs send the spam messages from Wikipedia on Botnets
POST XXXXXXX%20XXXXXX%20XX%20XXX%20XXXX&VisitorID=1 HTTP/1.1 Host: User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv: ) Gecko/ Firefox/ Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q =0.5 Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO ,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 300 Proxy-Connection: keep-alive Referer: XXXX%20XXXXXX%20XX%20XXX%20XXXX&VisitorID=1 Cookie: ASPSESSIONIDSCQDDCRC=IIBBDKKBCAOBKBIGABPBHNAI; ASPSESSIONIDCSDTABCC=KCGNNPKBABOIEJKIPBHEJHAH; ASPSESSIONIDSCTDADRC=OAOJABLBFFJKLGIDHPLLMDGM Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-length: 268 LName=AAAAAAA&FName=AAAAAAA&TelePhone= &ModeOfPayment=2&R em=IS+THIS+SECURE%3F+&CreditCardType=3&CreditCardNo= & ExpiryMonth=6&ExpiryYear=2009&VisitorID=1&CatID=01&CatName=XXXXXXX+XXX XX+XX+XXX+XXXX&hLName=&hFName=&hTelephone=&hCreditCardNo=&hRem=
Wireless
Final Thoughts Report all suspicious activity Send to: Urgent: call HelpDesk at x4357 See Teresa, Heather, Bob Cowles, Gary Buhrmaster, John Halperin and Steffen Luitz at Computer Security table in breezeway for your questions