FRENCH REVOLUTION Mr. Hardy, Randolph Middle School,

DO YOU HEAR THE PEOPLE SING?DO YOU HEAR THE PEOPLE SING? Read the lyrics to the song Do You Hear the People Sing? Annotate as you read the lyrics. What are you thoughts? What strikes you as important? What do you think the mood of the song is? What is the writer trying to say? Next, watch this awesome video: – – As you watch, look at the visuals. Notice how the people act, dress, react, and do.

DO YOU HEAR THE PEOPLE SING?DO YOU HEAR THE PEOPLE SING? Answer the following questions: – Who are the “people”? – Why do you think they are angry? – At who are they angry? – How do they act upon their anger? – What does the phrase “when the beating of your heart matches the beating of the drum” mean? – What do you think is the most impactful line? Why?

BACKGROUND INFORMATIONBACKGROUND INFORMATION Began in 1789, when the US was created More complex, more violent, and far more radical than American Revolution A turning point in EUROPEAN POLITICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY

CAUSES OF THE WARCAUSES OF THE WAR Social Inequality – Social class was divided into three estates, or classes – Social Conditions Conditions of French society – Economic inequalities – Enlightenment Ideas

THREE ESTATESTHREE ESTATES First Estate Second Estate Third Estate Clergy (130,000 people), owned about 10% of land, Nobility (350,000 people), owned 30%, held leading positions Commoners (peasants), made up of 75 percent of total population. Owned % of land

THIRD ESTATETHIRD ESTATE A Majority of People – Peasants, shopkeepers, craftspeople Bourgeoisie- – middle class, 8% of the third estate, owned 25-30% land – Upset at all the privileges held by people in higher estates

FORCES OF CHANGEFORCES OF CHANGE Enlightenment Ideas -Individual Rights -Democracy Economic Troubles National government financial collapse – Bad harvest – slow manufacturing – high # of poor people – costly wars and aid to the US – expensive monarchies – High Taxes

KING LOUIS AND MARIE ANTOINETTEKING LOUIS AND MARIE ANTOINETTE – King Louis married Marie Antoinette when he was 15 and she was 14 Antoinette was an Austrian princess Spent so much money on luxuries she was nicknamed Madame Deficit French people hated her

National Assembly Versailles, May 5, 1789 Meeting of all Estates Problem-> was voting – Each estate would get one vote. (traditional) – 1 st and 2 nd Estate could outvote the 3 rd

Third Estate & Tennis Court Oath Not happy with result- created their own Assembly Met on June 17, 1789, at a Tennis Court, original place was locked Made an oath to create a new constitution King Louis XVI was against this and used force Rebellions started forming all over France

TENNIS COURT OATHTENNIS COURT OATH

STORMING THE BASTILLESTORMING THE BASTILLE Louis fears a rebellion in Paris – Stations Swiss guards in the city (won’t trust his own men) – The people of Paris see foreign soldiers, hear rumors that Louis will disassemble the National Assembly, and freak out – The people storm the Bastille (a prison in Paris) looking for weapons

REIGN OF TERRORREIGN OF TERROR Jacobins (radicals) want France to become a true Republic 1793: Louis XVI is publicly tried for treason and executed and Marie Antoinette would be executed a few months later

REIGN OF TERRORREIGN OF TERROR

Maximilien Robespierre – Member of the Jacobins – Ruled France like a dictator – Hunted down, tried, and executed enemies of the Revolution

REIGN OF TERRORREIGN OF TERROR Closed churches Mass executions Suspended civil liberties

REIGN OF TERRORREIGN OF TERROR Eventually, members of the National Assembly conspire against Robespierre – He is arrested and executed by guillotine without a trial – Hundreds of Jacobins are hunted down and killed

OUTCOMES OF THE REVOLUTIONOUTCOMES OF THE REVOLUTION End of absolute monarchy in France Republic established with separation of powers

OUTCOMES Republic opposed by Royalists, Jacobins, and others in France – French military controlled riots and rebellions – French General Napoleon rises to power, and will eventually take over France