How did Hitler turn the Chancellorship into a Dictatorship by 1934? Aim – to learn 6 steps Hitler took to Dictatorship. A.O.D = AO1, Depth Study Knowledge

Der Fuhrer Chancellor to Dictator = 6 main points….. HITLER THE BECAME REICHSTAG FIRE THE EMERGENCY LAW THE ENABLING ACT Der Fuhrer OATH OF LOYALTY TO HITLER DEATH OF PRESIDENT HINDENBURG ELIMINATE OPPOSITION - THE NIGHT OF THE LONG KNIVES REMOVAL OF OPPOSITION BANNING OTHER POLITICAL PARTIES

Hitler became Chancellor January 1933 The depression after the Wall Street Crash made many more people vote for the Nazis. In 1933 Von Papen convinced Hindenburg that Hitler should become Chancellor. Hitler became Chancellor January 1933

The Reichstag Fire February 1933 F

TASK 1 Watch the PowerPoint and fill in the gaps on your sheet to make basic notes on the SIX steps of F.L.A.M.E.D.

The Reichstag Fire 27th Feb 1933 the Reichstag building was set on fire! A Dutch Communist Marinus van der Lubbe was found by police inside the building. Chancellor Hitler claimed the fire was proof Communists were plotting to take control of the government by terrorism. He persuaded Hindenburg to pass an emergency decree giving Chancellor Hitler special powers! February 1933 F

L The Emergency Law Hitler demanded – The suspension of all articles in the constitution which guaranteed personal freedom. That all Communist leaders be removed from the Reichstag. L

The Emergency law ended– Freedom of Speech Freedom od the Press Freedom of Assembly

A The Enabling Act THIS WASN’T ENOUGH FOR HITLER HE WANTED THE ENABLING ACT PASSED WHICH WOULD ALLOW HIM TO MAKE DECISIONS WITHOUT CONSULTING THE REICHSTAG! To get the law passed Hitler needed the support of 2/3’s of the Reichstag. How would he get it? A

STEP 1. He tried to gain as many seats as possible in election. The next election took place on the 5th March 1933. The Nazis failed to get an over-all majority. Nazis 288 seats Nationalists 52 Social Democrats (SPD) 120 Communists 81 359 Centre Party 74 seats in Others 32 total.

STEP 2. Hitler persuaded another party the Nationalists to support him. STEP 3. The other parties were dealt with by banning the Communists and intimidating the Social Democrats.

A The Enabling Act WAS VOTED UPON AND PASSED BY 444 VOTES TO 94! HITLER CAN RULE ALONE FOR FOUR YEARS. THERE IS NO NEED TO CONSULT THE REICHSTAG. March 1933 A

The ReMoval of Opposition

THE ENABLING ACT GAVE HITLER THE POWER TO MAKE HIS OWN LAWS THE ENABLING ACT GAVE HITLER THE POWER TO MAKE HIS OWN LAWS. SO, HE BANNED ALL OTHER POLITICAL PARTIES! KPD SPD DDP Zentrum

Political prisoners were put in concentration camps run by the S.S.

The Elimination of Opposition

The Night of the Long Knives Now I have got rid of opposition political groups, I can now deal with opposition in my party. Ernst Rohm (an old friend), head of the S.A. is very unpopular with the German army leaders. They have the power to overthrow me.I’ve been worried about Rohm for a while, so this is a good excuse. June 1934

The Night of the Long Knives Hitler had to get rid of Rohm. He was too much of a threat. On the night of 30th June 1934 Hitler’s S.S. killed over 1000 SA members including Rohm. The army were pleased. Hitler had gained the support of the army.

D The death of President Hindenburg A final note PRESIDENT HINDENBURG’S DEATH GAVE HITLER THE OPPORTUNITY TO COMBINE THE ROLE OF CHANCELLOR AND PRESIDENT. HE CALLED HIMSELF ‘DER FUHRER’. August 1934 D

Oath of loyalty to Adolf Hitler Every soldier swore a personal oath of loyalty to ADOLF HITLER.

So, how did he become a dictator legally? F L A M E D

Task 2 So far you have only looked at a basic explanation of how Hitler turned Germany into a Dictatorship. We are going to go through F.L.A.M.E.D. in more depth starting with the Reichstag Fire As you complete the tasks set your source and communication skill should improve. TURN TO PAGES 64 & 65 IN YOUR GERMANY SHP TEXT BOOK OR TO THE RELEVANT SECTIONS IN THE WALSH BOOK OR OTHER TEXT.

So, how did he become a dictator legally? F L E D