Combatting Our Teachings of Contempt
O believers, take not Jews and Christians as friends; they are friends of each other. Whoso of you makes them his friends is one of them. God guides not the people of the evildoers. al-Ma’idah (The Table/the Table Spread with Food), verse 51. al-Wala
Meanings: Intimate/close friend, protector, guardian, authority, master, lord. Wali/Awliya?
Tribe of Qaynuqa’s violation of the Constitution of Medina Ubadah Ibn al-Samit had an oath of allegiance with Qaynuqa and revoked his oath on the breaking of the treaty. Abdullah Ibn Ubayy, chief hypocrite sides with Qaynuqa tribe. al-Tabari (d. 310/923), al-Wahidi (d. 465/1075) etc. Reason/Occasion of Revelation
Verse 52: Yet you see those with sickness in their hearts rushing to them, saying, ‘We fear the wheel of fate may turn against us.’ But it may well be that Allah will bring about victory or some other contingency from Him. Then they will deeply regret their secret thoughts. *Sickness: hypocrisy of Abdullah Ibn Ubayy (Jalalayn etc.) Preceding/subsequent verse(s) rule
Let not believers take disbelievers as allies rather than believers. And whoever [of you] does that has nothing with Allah, except when taking precaution against them in prudence. And Allah warns you of Himself, and to Allah is the [final] destination. al-Nisa (The Women), verse 28 Exegesis of the Qur’an through the Qur’an
And do not dispute with the followers of the Book except by what is best, except those of them who act unjustly, and say: We believe in that which has been revealed to us and revealed to you, and our God and your God is One, and to Him do we submit. (29: 46) Not all of them are alike; a party of the people of the Scripture stand for the right, they recite the Verses of God during the hours of the night, prostrating themselves in prayer. They believe in God and the Last Day; they enjoin the good and forbid the evil; and they hasten in (all) good works; and they are among the righteous. And whatever good they do, nothing will be rejected of them; for God knows well those who are righteous. (3: ) People of the Book
And [lawful in marriage are] chaste women from among the believers and chaste women from among those who were given the scripture before you, when you have given them their bridal money - marrying them, not committing adultery nor as mistresses al-Ma’idah, verse 5 Marriage to Jews and Christians
Allah forbids you not with regard to those who fight you not for your faith, nor drive you out of your homes, from dealing kindly and justly with them. For Allah loves those who are just. Allah only forbids you with regard to those who fight you for your faith, and drive you out of your homes and support others in driving you out, from turning to them for protection (or taking them as wali). Those who seek their protection they are indeed wrong- doers. al-Mumtahina, verses 8, 9. Exegesis of the Qur’an through the Qur’an
O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm in justice, witnesses for Allah, even if it be against yourselves or parents and relatives. Whether one is rich or poor, Allah is more worthy of both. So follow not [personal] inclination, lest you not be just. And if you distort [your testimony] or refuse [to give it], then indeed Allah is ever, with what you do, Acquainted al-Nisa, verse 135 Standing in Justice