Shuming Bao China Data Center University of Michigan Spatial Intelligence for China Studies: An Introduction to China Geo-Explorer

Established in 1997, China Data Center at the University of Michigan is an international center for advancing the study and understanding of China. The Center offers the online China data service ( for Statistical Data, Census Data, and Spatial Data, which has been the primary data sources for China research and education across countries and regions. The Center’s missions include: To support research in the human and natural components of local, regional and global change; To promote quantitative research on China; To promote collaborative research in spatial studies; To promote the use and sharing of China data in teaching and research. Background and Missions

The Flagship Data Products & Services The Electronic China Data Collections: The Complete Collection of China 2000 Provincial Population Census Data Assemblies The Complete Collection of China 2000 County Population Census Data Assemblies China Comprehensive Statistical Data Compilation China Provincial and Professional Statistical Yearbooks The Online China Data Service: Online China Statistical Data Service Subscription (chinadataonline.org) Online China Population Census Data Subscription (chinadataonline.org) Online China Demographic Maps and Reports (DemographicChina.org) Online China Survey Data Network (chinasurveycenter.org) Online China Geo-Explorers GIS Based China Spatial Data: 2000 China Township Population Census Data with GIS Maps 2000 China County Population Census Data with GIS Maps 2000 China Province Population Census Data with GIS Maps 2000 China Grid Population Census Data with Township Boundaries China Historical Province Population Census Data with GIS Maps (1953, 1964, 1982, 1990, 2000) China Historical County Population Census Data with GIS Maps (1953, 1964, 1982, 1990, 2000) China 1995 Industrial Census Data with GIS Maps China 2001 Basic Unit Census Data with GIS Maps China 2004 Economic Census Data with GIS Maps China City Statistical Indicators with Maps (1996-)

China Data Online - The primary data source for China studies Statistical Database: Monthly Statistics National Statistics Provincial Statistics City Statistics County Statistics Monthly Industrial Data Yearly Industrial Data Statistics on Map Statistical Yearbooks Census Database: Population Census 1982 Population Census 1990 Population Survey 1995, 2005 Province Census 2000 County Census 2000 Economic Census 2004

Demand for Spatial Analysis  How can we use the data from different sources, time, and formats?  What is the spatial patterns of data distribution?  Where are spatial clusters and outliers?  How the spatial patterns changes over the time?  How the observations are interacted over the time and space?  How different factors are interacted each other over the time and space ?

Spatial Analysis for China Studies  Identify the spatial patterns of demographic and socioeconomic distribution.  Identify the spatial interactions (linkages) between different aspects of the society.  Evaluate the impacts of policies on future development of the society.

Challenges for Spatial Studies  Integration of data (manipulation of mass data from different sources and formats)  Integration of methodology for data analysis  Integration of knowledge (results from research)

What is Spatial Intelligence? Information + Methodology + knowledge Technology

China Spatial Explorer Spatial Intelligence for Space-Time Data Integration and Analysis Statistics Charts GIS Census Maps Tables Reports

China Geo-Explorer - Web Based Platform for Spatial Intelligence Objectives:  To provide a web-based platform for data integration and spatial analysis  To facilitate multidisciplinary studies and applications by brining new methodology  To promote knowledge sharing with new technologyFeatures:  Efficient data integration for spatial and non-spatial data  Quick and accurate location analysis and spatial assessment  Identify spatial patterns and trends  Generate time-saving, easy-to-use, and pre-formatted reports as well as customized reports  Dynamic maps for visual analysis  Applications: proximity analysis, buffer analysis, cluster analysis, simulation and projections,….

Data Sources: Authoritative, Unique, Comprehensive Sq Km Grid Prefectur e Province County Township  Government Statistics o Provincial Statistics ( ) o City Statistics ( ) o County Statistics ( )  Population Census o Census 1953 (GRID) o Census 1964 (GRID) o Census 1982 (GRID) o Census 1990 (GRID) o Census 2000 (province, city, county, township, GRID)  Economic Census o Industrial Census 1995 (province, city, county, ZIP) o Basic Unit Census 2001 (province, city, county, ZIP) o Economic Census 2004 (province, city, county, ZIP)  Establishments (individual companies and organizations) o Industrial Census(1995) o Basic Unit Census (2001) o Economic Census (2004)  Geography and Environment o Land Use data (GRID) o Night-Time data (GRID) o Transportation (railway, highway, roads) o Rivers and Lakes o More layers to be added … ZIP

Government Statistics Provincial Statistics: National Accounts Population and Employment Investment in Fixed Assets Price Indices People's livelihood and Worker's Wage Government Finance and Banking City Survey Agriculture Industry Construction Transport, Post and Telecommunication Services Domestic Trade, Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Education and Culture Public Health Resources City Statistics: POPULATION LABOR FORCE AND EMPLOYMENT LAND RESOURCE GENERAL ECONOMY AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION MAIN INDICATORS OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES FINANCIAL INDICATORS INVESTMENT IN FIXED ASSETS COMMERCIAL ECONOMY FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FINANCE AND BANKING INSURANCE WAGES NUMBER OF SCHOOLS AND STUDENTS CULTURE PUBLIC HEALTH TRANSPORTATION POSTAL AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS UTILITY ENVIRONMENT

Census Data Population Census Data (Over 2,000 Variables) Population Census Data (Over 2,000 Variables)  Basic Structure  Minority  Age Structure  Household  Education  Fertility  Death  Marriage  Migration  Housing  Occupation Economic Census Data (Over 1,000 variables) Economic Census Data (Over 1,000 variables)  Industries  Ownerships  Revenue  Employee  1  1-19        

Spatial Data GIS Maps:  GIS Maps of Provincial Boundaries  GIS Maps of City Boundaries  GIS Maps of County Boundaries  GIS Maps of Approximate Township Boundaries  GIS Maps of ZIP Codes (postcode) Attribute Data Integrated with GIS Maps:  2000 China Township Population Census Data with GIS Maps  2000 China County Population Census Data with GIS Maps  2000 China Province Population Census Data with GIS Maps  2000 China Grid Population Census Data  China Historical Population Census Data with GIS Maps (1953, 1964, 1982, 1990, 2000)  China 1995 Industrial Census Data with GIS Maps (province, city and county)  China 2001 Basic Unit Census Data with GIS Maps (province, city and county)  China 2004 Economic Census Data with GIS Maps (province, city and county)  China Province Statistics with Maps (1949- )  China City/County Statistics with Maps (1996- )  Geographic Layers (rivers, lakes, roads, highways, railways)  Digital Atlas of China by Industries (about 7 million records of establishments)

DefinitionType Cultivated Land Paddy 、 Dryland Forest Forestlands 、 Shrubbery 、 Woodland 、 Other woodland Grassland High coverage Grassland 、 Middle coverage Grassland 、 Low coverage Grassland Water Canals 、 Lakes 、 Reservoir 、 Permanent glacier 、 Shoal 、 Beach Construction (residency, mining, urban) Urban and Town land use 、 Rural residential areas 、 Other building sites Bare Land Saudi 、 Gobi 、 Saline 、 Swamp 、 Bare 、 Uncovered 、 Other Land Use Data

China Spatial Explorer: System Structure Report Map Chart Data Selection Data Integration & Analysis GeoGlobeGoogle Map WMSWFS Observation RasterTime-SeriesVector StatisticsOther

CGE: Primary Functions Data Selection Reports Maps Time series By administrative units (province, city, county, twp) Summary Report Instant maps by thousands of variables Time series visualization in Charts Spatial-temporal data extraction Word file By locations and spatial range (X & Y coordinates) Comparison Report Original Data Report Custoomized Report Export maps to PDF or JPG files PDF file By establishments Outputs GIS Shape files Excel file

Selection by Administrative Units Select by administrative units Select by map

Selection by Groups

Selection by Locations Select by X & Y coordinates Select by locations on map

Selection by Establishments

Province and City Statistics

Export of Space-Time Series Data

Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis

Graphic Analysis ： Histogram

Graphic Analysis ： Scatter Plot

Graphic Analysis ： Multi-Plots

Gravity Model for Space-time Data

Multiple Outputs

Customized Reports

Output ： Establishments

Output ： GIS Maps

Integration with local Gazetteers

Applications  Disaster Assessment  Regional Planning  Environmental and Public Health  Religious Studies  Business Site Selections  Projections and Simulations  Household/Field Surveys

Center of Earthquake : Wenchuan County, Sichuan, China Center of Earthquake : Wenchuan County, Sichuan, China Lat/Log: °N, °E Lat/Log: °N, °E Surface Magnitude: 8.0 (Reported by China, updated on May 18, 2008) Surface Magnitude: 8.0 (Reported by China, updated on May 18, 2008) Magnitude: 7.8 (Reported by USGS on May 12, 2008) Magnitude: 7.8 (Reported by USGS on May 12, 2008) Time: Monday, May 12, 2008 at 14:28PM, Beijing Time Time: Monday, May 12, 2008 at 14:28PM, Beijing Time ___ _ _________ __ ________ _________ ___ ______ _______ __ _______ _________ ___ _ _________ __ ________ _________ ___ ______ _______ __ _______ _________ Case I: The Wenchuan Earthquake Assessment of Population and Economy Wenchuan County

Summary Report of Health Facilities Health Service (Unit)Ring 9+Ring 8+Ring 7+Ring 6+Ring 5+Ring 4+ General Hospital Chinese medicine hospital Combined Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital Specialist Hospital Nursing Homes Community health service ,2172,7134,454 Out patient Clinics ,124 Family planning service ,4722,335 Maternal and child health service Specialist service for Disease Control and Prevention Vaccination for disease prevention and control service Other health services Population by Race and Ethnicity

Case III. Cultural and Religious Studies Case III. Cultural and Religious Studies Web Tool Religious Sites of China Elevation Reports Charts Religious Clusters

Case III: Complex System of Poyang Lake Watershed Case III: Complex System of Poyang Lake Watershed

The Environment and Public Health Population estimation under the flooding risk The assessment of economic loss under the flooding risk Population estimation under the risk of Schistosomiasis The impact assessment of climate change on the ecological system of Poyang Lake wetland Potential impact of economic development on Poyang Lake water environment

Case IV: Field/Household Surveys

The New Opportunities for China Studies: - build a bridge for humanities and social sciences  Add new dimension of time and space to China studies  Expansion from humanities to social sciences  Expansion from one dimension to multiple dimensions

Building A Spatial Infrastructure for China and Global Studies Spatial Religion Spatial Criminology Spatial History Spatial Health Spatial CultureSpatial Education

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